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Staphylococcus aureus meningitis: a broad-based epidemiologic study.

L S Schlesinger, S C Ross, D R Schaberg

    Medicine
    |March 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Staphylococcus aureus meningitis is a serious infection, particularly in newborns and those with underlying conditions. Key factors influencing outcomes include sterile cerebrospinal fluid and removal of foreign bodies.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Epidemiology
    • Neurology

    Background:

    • Staphylococcus aureus meningitis is a significant cause of bacterial meningitis, accounting for 6% of cases at the University Hospital.
    • Pediatric cases, including premature and low birth weight infants, comprised 50% of the study population.
    • Underlying conditions such as central nervous system (CNS) disorders, endocarditis, and prematurity were common.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify key epidemiologic and prognostic risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus meningitis.
    • To analyze outcomes and mortality associated with this specific type of meningitis.
    • To understand the clinical characteristics and management challenges.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective analysis of 33 cases of Staphylococcus aureus meningitis from 1976 to 1984.

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  • Evaluation of patient demographics, underlying diseases, clinical presentation, and laboratory findings.
  • Correlation of specific factors with mortality and cure rates.

    • Main Results:

    • Overall mortality was 21%.
    • Favorable outcomes were linked to sterile cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and foreign body removal.
    • Factors associated with increased mortality included diabetes mellitus, advanced age, obtundation/coma, bacteremia, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).
    • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was present in 18% of cases.

    Conclusions:

    • Sterile CSF and foreign body removal are critical for favorable outcomes in Staphylococcus aureus meningitis.
    • Prompt identification and management of risk factors like bacteremia and DIC are essential.
    • Further research into effective treatments for MRSA meningitis is warranted.