Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance01:07

Physiological Pharmacokinetic Models: Incorporating Hepatic Transporter-Mediated Clearance

40
Drug transporters are critical in drug absorption, distribution, and excretion processes. They should be included in physiological-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models, which help predict human drug disposition. However, predicting this is challenging during drug development, especially when liver transport is involved. However, with a realistic representation of body transport processes, an accurate model may be possible.
A recent model describes pravastatin's hepatobiliary excretion,...
40
Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters01:14

Hepatic Drug Clearance: Role of Transporters

60
In the liver and bile canaliculi, influx and efflux transporters modification can influence intrinsic clearance. Transporters play a significant role in moving drugs within liver cells. Elaborate models, such as the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), are essential to relate transporters to drug disposition. This system categorizes drugs into four classes based on solubility and permeability, providing insights into elimination routes and the effects of transporters following oral...
60
Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving01:29

Mechanistic Models: Compartment Models in Algorithms for Numerical Problem Solving

56
Mechanistic models play a crucial role in algorithms for numerical problem-solving, particularly in nonlinear mixed effects modeling (NMEM). These models aim to minimize specific objective functions by evaluating various parameter estimates, leading to the development of systematic algorithms. In some cases, linearization techniques approximate the model using linear equations.
In individual population analyses, different algorithms are employed, such as Cauchy's method, which uses a...
56
Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

436
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
436
Friction: Problem Solving01:21

Friction: Problem Solving

233
Friction is an essential force that influences the motion of objects in daily life. Depending on the situation, it can be either beneficial or problematic. Consider a bus with a mass of three megagrams and its center of mass at a specific point, moving along a banked road at a constant speed. The coefficient of static friction between the tires and the road is 0.5. Find the maximum angle of the banked road at which the bus would not slip or tip.
Initially, a visual representation of the...
233
Optimizing Chromatographic Separations01:15

Optimizing Chromatographic Separations

407
Optimizing chromatographic separations is crucial for obtaining clean separations in a minimum amount of time. Optimization is required for several factors, including kinetic effects related to band broadening, plate height, capacity factor, and separation factor.
Band broadening refers to spreading solute bands as they travel through the column. This broadening can impact resolution. Plate height (H) represents the length required for one theoretical plate. A lower plate height corresponds to...
407

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Broad spectrum structure discovery in large-scale higher-order networks.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Cohesive urban bicycle infrastructure design through optimal transport routing in multilayer networks.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·2025
Same author

Flexible inference in heterogeneous and attributed multilayer networks.

PNAS nexus·2025
Same author

Model for efficient dynamical ranking in networks.

Physical review. E·2024
Same author

Similarity and economy of scale in urban transportation networks and optimal transport-based infrastructures.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

Optimal Transport with Constraints: From Mirror Descent to Classical Mechanics.

Physical review letters·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Evaluation of an Exclusive Spur Dike U-Turn Design with Radar-Collected Data and Simulation
11:41

Evaluation of an Exclusive Spur Dike U-Turn Design with Radar-Collected Data and Simulation

Published on: February 1, 2020

20.4K

Bilevel Optimization for Traffic Mitigation in Optimal Transport Networks.

Alessandro Lonardi1, Caterina De Bacco1

  • 1Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Cyber Valley, Tübingen 72076, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|January 12, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces new routing rules for transportation networks to prevent traffic jams caused by individual travel choices. The optimized routes improve both global network efficiency and local traffic flow, potentially reducing carbon emissions.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: An Optimized Automated Method for Investigating Retinoic Acid Receptors in Neuronal Mitochondria
08:33

Author Spotlight: An Optimized Automated Method for Investigating Retinoic Acid Receptors in Neuronal Mitochondria

Published on: July 28, 2023

633
Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
14:55

Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Evaluation of an Exclusive Spur Dike U-Turn Design with Radar-Collected Data and Simulation
11:41

Evaluation of an Exclusive Spur Dike U-Turn Design with Radar-Collected Data and Simulation

Published on: February 1, 2020

20.4K
Author Spotlight: An Optimized Automated Method for Investigating Retinoic Acid Receptors in Neuronal Mitochondria
08:33

Author Spotlight: An Optimized Automated Method for Investigating Retinoic Acid Receptors in Neuronal Mitochondria

Published on: July 28, 2023

633
Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
14:55

Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street

Published on: January 20, 2023

3.3K

Area of Science:

  • Transportation science
  • Network optimization
  • Applied mathematics

Background:

  • Transportation networks face challenges balancing global robustness with local efficiency.
  • Individual passenger routing decisions can lead to suboptimal network performance and traffic congestion.
  • Existing models may not adequately address the interplay between individual incentives and overall system optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate novel adaptation rules for passenger routing in transportation networks.
  • To ensure both global network optimality and local transport efficiency simultaneously.
  • To explore the potential of optimized routing to reduce carbon emissions from road transport.

Main Methods:

  • Leveraging optimal transport theory to guide passenger routing.
  • Developing strategic edge weight tuning mechanisms to optimize traffic flow.
  • Testing the proposed adaptation rules on synthetic network models.
  • Validating the approach using real-world transportation data, including European highway networks.

Main Results:

  • The developed adaptation rules effectively route passengers along shortest paths.
  • Strategic edge weight adjustments successfully optimize traffic conditions.
  • The approach demonstrates efficacy in achieving both global and local transport optimality.
  • Analysis of European highway data indicates a potential reduction in car-produced carbon emissions.

Conclusions:

  • Optimized routing schemes based on optimal transport theory can significantly improve transportation network performance.
  • The proposed method addresses the conflict between individual greedy routing and overall network efficiency.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy for mitigating traffic congestion and reducing environmental impact in transportation systems.