Turning and sitting movements during timed up and go tests predict deterioration of physical function in middle-aged...

Deterioration of physical function in middle-aged adults is a significant challenge that can lead to increased risk of future falls. However, a screening method for the functional decline in middle-aged adults has not been established.

To evaluate the relationship between biomechanical parameters assessed by the timed up and go test (TUG) and locomotive syndrome (LS) in middle-aged adults.

The inclusion criterion was: under 65 years of age. A total of 97 volunteers (mean age 51.1 years) participated in this study. An LS test was performed, including a 2-step test, a stand-up test, and a 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale. The TUG was measured using inertial measurement units (IMUs) at comfortable and fast speeds. We then determined the minimum values for anterior-posterior acceleration and angular velocity around the medial-lateral axis, as well as the maximum values of angular velocity around the vertical axis for the upper trunk and sacrum in a TUG phase.

Angular velocity around the vertical axis for upper trunk and sacrum were significantly smaller in LS than non-LS in the turn phase of both speed conditions. For the fast speed condition, the minimum anterior-posterior acceleration for sacrum was greater in LS than in the non-LS condition for the stand-to-sit phase. Angular velocity around the vertical axis for turning and anterior-posterior acceleration from sitting were associated with detection of LS.

Turning and sitting movements during TUG should be observed using IMU to screen for physical function decline in middle aged adults.