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Lupus enteritis: a narrative review.

Marcela Muñoz-Urbano1, Shirish Sangle2, David P D'Cruz2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Lupus enteritis (LE), a rare systemic lupus erythematosus complication, involves inflammation and thrombosis. Diagnosis via abdominal CT aids management and prognosis, with glucocorticoids as primary treatment.

Keywords:
enteritismesenteric vasculitissystemic lupus erythematosus

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lupus enteritis (LE) is an uncommon gastrointestinal manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  • The exact pathophysiology of LE remains unclear, but inflammation and thrombosis are implicated.
  • Pathophysiological mechanisms may vary based on the affected intestinal segment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of lupus enteritis.
  • To highlight the role of imaging in identifying complications and guiding treatment.
  • To emphasize the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention for favorable outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on lupus enteritis.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria, including clinical, histopathological, and imaging findings.
  • Discussion of current and potential therapeutic strategies, including medical and surgical options.

Main Results:

  • Abdominal computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for diagnosing LE and identifying predictive factors for complications.
  • LE frequently co-occurs with renal and hematological complications in SLE patients.
  • Glucocorticoids are the primary treatment, with immunosuppressants and surgery reserved for severe or refractory cases.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of LE are crucial for preventing severe complications.
  • Abdominal CT plays a vital role in diagnosis, complication prediction, and management guidance.
  • While prognosis is generally good, a tailored therapeutic approach is essential due to limited clinical trial data.