Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview01:26

Alzheimer's Disease: Overview

490
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ...
490
Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment01:22

Alzheimer's Disease: Treatment

195
Alzheimer's Disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically identified by amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles composed of tau protein. AD pharmacotherapy aims to manage cognitive symptoms, delay disease progression, and treat behavioral symptoms. The treatment is primarily symptomatic and palliative, with no definitive disease-modifying therapy available. Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil (Aricept), rivastigmine (Exelon), and galantamine (Razadyne), are...
195
Amyloid Fibrils03:03

Amyloid Fibrils

9.5K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins.  Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils. 
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen.   In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.5K
Cognitive Development During Adulthood01:30

Cognitive Development During Adulthood

112
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
112
Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists01:30

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

126
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
126
Dementia01:30

Dementia

115
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual....
115

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of risk factor burden and vascular bed involvement on dementia risk in individuals with established cardiovascular disease.

American journal of preventive cardiology·2026
Same author

The potential of key Alzheimer's plasma biomarkers to mimic tau PET MUBADA-based disease staging.

Alzheimer's research & therapy·2026
Same author

Cardiovascular risk factors and carotid plaque components in a multi-ethnic cohort using 3 Tesla MRI: the HELIUS study.

European radiology·2026
Same author

Primary and secondary prevention strategies for reducing population-level dementia burden: A microsimulation modeling study.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same author

Concordance between domain-based neuropsychological profiles and clinical phenotypes in young-onset dementia.

The Clinical neuropsychologist·2026
Same author

Associations of plasma metabolites with protein biomarkers linked to Alzheimer's disease pathology in the Rotterdam Study.

Alzheimer's research & therapy·2026
Same journal

Disruptions of the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space index and dynamic functional connectivity across the Alzheimer's disease spectrum: Implications for cognitive impairment.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same journal

HbA1c trajectories after SGLT2 inhibitor initiation and the risk of dementia.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same journal

The role of organochlorine pesticides as environmental factors in Alzheimer's disease in human studies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same journal

Plasma profiling of B lymphocyte-associated cytokines in Alzheimer's disease.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same journal

Diluting the signal: Class-level pooling and the ecological fallacy in meta-analyses of anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same journal

Gut microbiota alterations in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Analysis of β-Amyloid-induced Abnormalities on Fibrin Clot Structure by Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy
06:27

Analysis of β-Amyloid-induced Abnormalities on Fibrin Clot Structure by Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: November 30, 2018

9.2K

Interaction Between Arteriosclerosis and Amyloid-β on Cognitive Function.

Ingeborg Frentz1,2, Joyce van Arendonk1,3, Anna E Leeuwis4

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|January 13, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology interact additively to affect cognition, influenced by cardio metabolic risk factors. Understanding this interplay is crucial for cognitive impairment research.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseamyloid-βarteriosclerosiscalcificationdementiaplasma biomarkers

More Related Videos

Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons
06:23

Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons

Published on: October 30, 2018

8.0K
Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
09:31

Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 7, 2019

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Analysis of β-Amyloid-induced Abnormalities on Fibrin Clot Structure by Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy
06:27

Analysis of β-Amyloid-induced Abnormalities on Fibrin Clot Structure by Spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy

Published on: November 30, 2018

9.2K
Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons
06:23

Visualizing Axonal Growth Cone Collapse and Early Amyloid β Effects in Cultured Mouse Neurons

Published on: October 30, 2018

8.0K
Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry
09:31

Visualization of Amyloid β Deposits in the Human Brain with Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 7, 2019

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Dementia is multifactorial, often involving co-occurring Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular pathology.
  • The combined impact of AD and vascular issues on cognitive decline remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the joint effect of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology on cognition in a dementia-free general population.
  • To explore interactions between AD biomarkers and vascular markers in relation to cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 2,229 dementia-free participants from the Rotterdam Study.
  • Assessment of blood-based AD biomarkers (Amyloid-β 42) and CT-defined arteriosclerosis (arterial calcification).
  • Statistical modeling to determine interactions and independent associations with cognitive performance.

Main Results:

  • Arterial calcification and Amyloid-β 42 were associated with cognition.
  • Arterial calcification remained independently associated with cognition after adjusting for confounders.
  • Significant interactions between arterial calcification and AD biomarkers were observed, but attenuated after adjusting for cardio metabolic risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Arteriosclerosis and AD pathology exhibit additive effects on cognition, partly mediated by cardio metabolic risk factors.
  • Joint assessment of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology is vital for understanding cognitive impairment etiology.
  • Targeting cardio metabolic risk factors may be important for mitigating combined effects on cognition.