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Interaction Between Arteriosclerosis and Amyloid-β on Cognitive Function

Ingeborg Frentz1,2, Joyce van Arendonk1,3, Anna E Leeuwis4

  • 1Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|January 13, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Vascular arteriosclerosis and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology interact additively to affect cognition, influenced by cardio metabolic risk factors. Understanding this interplay is crucial for cognitive impairment research.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Dementia is multifactorial, often involving co-occurring Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular pathology.
  • The combined impact of AD and vascular issues on cognitive decline remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the joint effect of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology on cognition in a dementia-free general population.
  • To explore interactions between AD biomarkers and vascular markers in relation to cognitive function.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional analysis of 2,229 dementia-free participants from the Rotterdam Study.
  • Assessment of blood-based AD biomarkers (Amyloid-β 42) and CT-defined arteriosclerosis (arterial calcification).
  • Statistical modeling to determine interactions and independent associations with cognitive performance.

Main Results:

  • Arterial calcification and Amyloid-β 42 were associated with cognition.
  • Arterial calcification remained independently associated with cognition after adjusting for confounders.
  • Significant interactions between arterial calcification and AD biomarkers were observed, but attenuated after adjusting for cardio metabolic risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Arteriosclerosis and AD pathology exhibit additive effects on cognition, partly mediated by cardio metabolic risk factors.
  • Joint assessment of arteriosclerosis and AD pathology is vital for understanding cognitive impairment etiology.
  • Targeting cardio metabolic risk factors may be important for mitigating combined effects on cognition.
Abstract

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseamyloid-βarteriosclerosiscalcificationdementiaplasma biomarkers

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