Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Brain Morphology of Cannabis Users With or Without Psychosis: A Pilot MRI Study

Published on: August 18, 2020

Cognitive insight in first-episode psychosis: Exploring the complex relationship between executive functions and

Raquel López-Carrilero¹, Mercedes Lo Monaco², Eva Frígola-Capell³

¹Etiopatogènia i Tractament dels Trastorns Mentals Greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain; Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain; Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.

Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health

|January 14, 2024

Abstract:

Social cognition (SC) and executive function (EF) have been described as important variables for social functioning and recovery of patients with psychosis. However, the relationship between SC and EF in first-episode psychosis (FEP) deserves further investigation, especially focusing on gender differences.

Aims:

To investigate the relationship between EF and different domains of SC in FEP patients and to explore gender differences in the relationship between these domains.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study of 191 patients with new-onset psychosis recruited from two multicenter clinical trials. A comprehensive cognitive battery was used to assess SC (Hinting Task, Face Test and IPSAQ) and EF (TMT, WSCT, Stroop Test and digit span - WAIS-III). Pearson correlations and linear regression models were performed.

Results:

A correlation between Theory of Mind (ToM), Emotional Recognition (ER) and EF was found using the complete sample. Separating the sample by gender showed different association profiles between these variables in women and men.

Conclusions:

A relationship between different domains of SC and EF is found. Moreover, women and men presented distinct association profiles between EF and SC. These results should be considered in order to improve the treatment of FEP patients and designing personalized interventions by gender.

Keywords:

Cognition Emotional Recognition Executive functions First-episode psychosis Psychosis Social cognition Theory of Mind

More Related Videos

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos

Published on: December 7, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

Social Cognitive Perspective on Personality

Social cognitive perspectives on personality emphasize the importance of conscious awareness, beliefs, expectations, and goals in shaping behavior. These perspectives incorporate behaviorist principles, such as learning through reinforcement and conditioning, but extend beyond them by highlighting human reasoning and planning. Unlike traditional behaviorist views, social cognitive theory focuses on how individuals reflect on their past experiences and plan for future outcomes by considering...

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...

Reason and Intuition

Reason and Intuition

The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

High-Level and Low-Level Awareness

Controlled processes in human consciousness represent high-alert mental states where individuals deliberately focus their attention on achieving specific goals. Controlled processes can be seen in situations like mastering new technology, where a person might become so absorbed that they ignore surrounding distractions. Such processes involve selective attention, requiring one to concentrate on particular elements of experience while disregarding others. These are governed by executive...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sex-specific predictors of self-stigma reduction in psychosis resulting from metacognitive interventions: Results from a randomized clinical trial.

Women's health (London, England)·2026

Genome-wide association analyses of borderline personality disorder identify 11 loci and highlight shared risk with mental and somatic disorders.

Nature genetics·2026

Mapping behavioural mechanisms linking childhood maltreatment, cognition, impulsivity, and suicidality in bipolar disorder: A network approach.

Translational psychiatry·2026

Evaluation of an e-health integrated intervention for pregnant women with co-occurring mental health and substance use symptoms: an exploratory randomized clinical trial.

BMC pregnancy and childbirth·2026

A next generation of the schema therapy model of personality pathology: A cross-cultural and international study protocol.

PloS one·2026

Designing interventions guided by digital phenotype and pharmacogenetics in Spain for suicidal behaviour based on retrospective data: the multicentre SMARTomicS study protocol.

BMJ open·2026

See all related articles