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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Other Pulmonary Disorders

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Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.

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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates

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Same Pathogen, Different Manifestations: A Case of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

Joana A Cabrera¹, Margarida Mota²

¹Internal Medicine, Centro Hospitalar de Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho, Vila Nova de Gaia, PRT.

|January 15, 2024

Summary

Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health threat. This case details a rare instance of disseminated extrapulmonary TB affecting the liver and central nervous system, leading to a fatal outcome despite treatment.

Keywords:

anti-tuberculosis therapy extrapulmonary tuberculosis hepatic tuberculosis mycobacterium tuberculosis tuberculous meningitis

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Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Neurology
Hepatology

Background:

Tuberculosis (TB) is a leading cause of infectious disease mortality worldwide.
Extrapulmonary TB, affecting organs beyond the lungs, occurs in up to 15% of cases.
Disseminated TB presents diagnostic challenges due to varied clinical manifestations.

Observation:

A 59-year-old male presented with abdominal pain and fever, later developing neurological deficits.
Imaging revealed a hepatic lesion suggestive of an abscess or neoformation.
Cerebrospinal fluid and abscess aspirate confirmed Mycobacterium tuberculosis via PCR.

Findings:

The patient was diagnosed with disseminated extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving the liver and central nervous system.
Despite prompt initiation of standard anti-TB therapy (rifampicin, ethambutol, isoniazid) and dexamethasone, the patient's condition deteriorated.
The patient succumbed to the illness 57 days post-diagnosis.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering extrapulmonary TB in patients with unexplained hepatic and neurological symptoms.
Delayed diagnosis and treatment initiation may significantly impact prognosis in disseminated TB.
Highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion for unusual TB presentations.