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Fracture and relaxation in dense cornstarch suspensions.

Paul Lilin1, Jean E Elkhoury2, Ivo R Peters3

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Dense suspensions can transition from fluid to solid-like states, impacting fracture formation. Air injection into cornstarch suspensions reveals how this shear jamming behavior influences fracture growth and relaxation dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheology
  • Materials Science
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Dense suspensions exhibit tunable properties, transitioning between fluid-like and solid-like states.
  • This transition, known as shear jamming (SJ), is crucial for understanding material behavior under stress.
  • Fracture formation in such materials is influenced by their dynamic rheological properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the implications of the shear jamming transition on fracture formation in dense suspensions.
  • To characterize the growth and relaxation dynamics of air-induced fractures in cornstarch suspensions.
  • To identify the critical shear rate associated with shear jamming and its role in fracture relaxation.

Main Methods:

  • Injecting air into bulk dense cornstarch suspensions.
  • Utilizing time-resolved X-ray radiography to visualize air invasion in opaque materials.
  • Analyzing fracture morphology and growth dynamics at varying cornstarch concentrations.

Main Results:

  • Air injection into suspensions exhibiting discontinuous shear thickening and shear jamming leads to fracture formation.
  • At high cornstarch mass fractions, fractures grow as rough cavities.
  • At lower mass fractions, fractures relax into smooth bubbles that rise due to buoyancy.
  • Fracture relaxation onset correlates with the induced shear rate dropping below the critical shear rate for discontinuous shear thickening.

Conclusions:

  • The shear jamming state significantly influences fracture propensity and morphology in dense suspensions.
  • The observed fracture relaxation provides a structural signature of the shear jamming transition.
  • Understanding these dynamics is key for controlling material failure and behavior in dense particle systems.