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Pyroptosis: a double-edged sword in lung cancer and other respiratory diseases

Xiao Liang1, Ya Qin1, Dan Wu1

  • 1Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Jiangyin Hospital of Nantong University, 163# Shoushan Road, Jiangyin, Jiangsu, 214400, P. R. China.

Cell Communication and Signaling : CCS
|January 15, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pyroptosis, a cell death process involving gasdermin proteins, plays complex dual roles in lung cancer and pneumonia. Understanding these multifaceted roles is crucial for developing effective treatments for respiratory diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pulmonary Medicine

Background:

  • Pyroptosis is a programmed cell death pathway executed by gasdermin proteins.
  • Gasdermin family members (GSDMA-E, DFNB59) are key mediators of pyroptosis.
  • Pyroptosis is increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary diseases, including lung cancer and pneumonia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the intricate and multifaceted roles of pyroptosis in respiratory diseases.
  • To highlight the dual functions of pyroptosis in lung cancer and pneumonia.
  • To discuss challenges and opportunities for clinical translation of pyroptosis research in pulmonary medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing research on pyroptosis and respiratory diseases.
  • Analysis of the roles of gasdermin family proteins in pyroptosis.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding the dual roles of pyroptosis in lung cancer and pneumonia.

Main Results:

  • Pyroptosis, mediated by gasdermins, is involved in lung cancer and pneumonia.
  • The precise functions of pyroptosis in these diseases are complex and often contradictory.
  • Pyroptosis can exert both protective and detrimental effects in the context of respiratory illnesses.

Conclusions:

  • Pyroptosis presents a complex therapeutic target for respiratory diseases due to its dual roles.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms of gasdermin-mediated pyroptosis in lung diseases.
  • Targeting pyroptosis pathways holds potential for novel clinical strategies in pulmonary medicine, pending a deeper understanding of its context-dependent functions.
Keywords:
CaspaseGasderminLung cancerPneumoniaPyroptosis

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