Preparation of Nano-Medicine to Eliminate Helicobacter pylori Infection
S Abbas Hussein Al-Saeed1, M Mizher Radhi2, Z Numan Hamed1
1Laboratory Techniques Department, College of Health and Medical Techniques, Middle Technical University (MTU), Baghdad, Iraq.
Abstract:
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is considered a challenging type of bacteria that is difficult to treat with the currently used antibiotics, such as amoxicillin, erythromycin, and metronidazole, which have proven ineffective against these bacteria. In this study, modern technology was used to treat these bacteria by converting the aforementioned antibiotics to their nano state using the lyophilization method and diagnosing them using scanning electron microscopy. A mixture of the three nano-antibiotics was prepared in the form of a nano-medicine, which was used to treat H. pylori bacteria in cultures and determine the effectiveness of nano-antibiotics and nano-medicine on these bacteria. The findings showed that nano-medicine was highly effective in inhibiting these bacteria at the lowest concentration (OD=0.042) and the highest concentration (OD=0.038), compared to the three micro-antibiotics individually. The OD values of amoxicillin, azithromycin, and metronidazole were 0.523, 0.521, and 0.453, respectively. The OD values of the three nano-antibiotics, including nano-amoxicillin, nano-azithromycin, and nano-metronidazole, were 0.386, 0.258, and 0.167, respectively. It was observed that the percentage of inhibition in each of the nano-antibiotics was higher than the inhibition in micro-antibiotics and that the nano-medicine had much higher inhibition than each of the three micro- and nano-antibiotics alike. The safety of using nano-antibiotics in the prepared medicine was confirmed using electrochemical technology and cyclic voltammetry to identify the electrochemical properties through oxidation and reduction in blood media. Based on the findings, only reduction peaks appeared, and there were no oxidation peaks in the prepared kit or for each of the three nano-antibiotics. It was found that they were all non-oxidants and could be used safely as good antioxidants in treatments. However, the same three micro treatments showed blood oxidation due to the appearance of oxidation peaks in all of them. The study proved that all H. pylori isolates are resistant to usable antibiotics. All of the antibiotics in the nano-medicine had an anti-bacterial effect, and the effect of the new form of antibiotic was proportional to the concentration of the antibiotic.
Insights
Nano-medicine effectively inhibits antibiotic-resistant Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). This novel nano-formulation of amoxicillin, azithromycin, and metronidazole demonstrates superior antibacterial activity and safety compared to conventional antibiotics.
Area of Science:
- Nanotechnology in Medicine
- Microbiology
- Pharmaceutical Sciences
Background:
- Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infections are challenging due to widespread antibiotic resistance.
- Conventional antibiotics like amoxicillin, azithromycin, and metronidazole show limited efficacy against H. pylori.
- Developing novel therapeutic strategies is crucial for combating resistant bacterial infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize nano-antibiotics using lyophilization and characterize them via scanning electron microscopy.
- To evaluate the efficacy of a nano-medicine formulation against H. pylori in vitro.
- To assess the safety profile of nano-antibiotics using electrochemical methods.
Main Methods:
- Conversion of amoxicillin, azithromycin, and metronidazole into their nano-states using lyophilization.
- Characterization of nano-antibiotics using scanning electron microscopy.
- In vitro testing of nano-antibiotics and nano-medicine against H. pylori cultures.
- Electrochemical analysis (cyclic voltammetry) to determine safety and antioxidant properties in blood media.
Main Results:
- Nano-medicine exhibited significantly higher inhibition of H. pylori compared to individual micro- or nano-antibiotics.
- Nano-antibiotics showed enhanced antibacterial activity over their micro-scale counterparts.
- Electrochemical studies confirmed nano-antibiotics are non-oxidants and safe antioxidants, unlike micro-antibiotics which induced blood oxidation.
Conclusions:
- Nano-formulation of antibiotics offers a promising strategy to overcome H. pylori resistance.
- The developed nano-medicine demonstrates potent antibacterial effects and a favorable safety profile.
- This approach holds potential for developing effective treatments against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
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