Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

372
In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
372
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

518
In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
518
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

20.8K
The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
20.8K
Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria01:07

Ladder Diagrams: Complexation Equilibria

350
Ladder diagrams are useful for evaluating equilibria involving metal-ligand complexes. The vertical scale of the ladder diagram represents the concentration of unreacted or free ligand, pL. The horizontal lines on the scale depict the log of stepwise formation constants for metal-ligand complexes and indicate the dominant species in all the regions.
The formation constant, K1, for the formation of Cd(NH3)2+ complex from cadmium and ammonia is 3.55 × 102. Log K1 (i.e. pNH3) is 2.55, and...
350
Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

Photoluminescence: Applications

402
Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
402
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

8.6K
Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

π-Extended Salphen Scaffolds Enable CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction and Singlet Oxygen Generation.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same author

Dual Activation of H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> by a Pincer-Type Ni-Zn Heterobimetallic Complex.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydrocoupling of Phosphines.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

White-light powered autonomous molecular ratchet drives Pd<sup>II</sup> capsules out of equilibrium.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Synthesis, Structure, and Thin Film Optical Properties of a Chiral Benzothiazole-Derived Squaraine.

Chemphyschem : a European journal of chemical physics and physical chemistry·2026
Same author

Ring Strain Energies in Four-Membered Heterocycles Containing an Element of Groups 13-16.

Inorganic chemistry·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of PhosphorusI
08:46

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of PhosphorusI

Published on: November 22, 2016

7.8K

Access to ligand-stabilized PH-containing phosphenium complexes.

David Biskup1, Gregor Schnakenburg1, Arturo Espinosa Ferao2

  • 1Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Gerhard-Domagk-Str. 1, 53121 Bonn, Germany. r.streubel@uni-bonn.de.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|January 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a new method to synthesize phosphenium metal complexes with a P-H bond. This breakthrough utilizes protonation reactions of phosphinidene complexes, enabling access to novel P-H phosphenium compounds.

More Related Videos

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.2K
Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of PhosphorusI
08:46

Preparation and Reactivity of a Triphosphenium Bromide Salt: A Convenient and Stable Source of PhosphorusI

Published on: November 22, 2016

7.8K
The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes
10:51

The Synthesis, Characterization and Reactivity of a Series of Ruthenium N-triphosPh Complexes

Published on: April 10, 2015

12.2K
Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
10:42

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV

Published on: December 29, 2016

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Phosphorus Chemistry

Background:

  • Phosphenium compounds and their metal complexes are well-established areas of chemistry.
  • However, derivatives featuring a phosphorus-hydrogen (P-H) bond are scarce in the literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a rational synthetic route to donor-stabilized phosphenium metal complexes containing a P-H bond.
  • To investigate the use of protonation reactions for accessing these novel compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Protonation of stable phosphinidene complex adducts using various Brønsted-Lowry acids.
  • Utilizing super-strong acids with weakly coordinating anions to achieve specific P-H bond formation.
  • Theoretical studies to analyze the N-P interaction in the resulting complexes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated that protonation of phosphinidene complex adducts provides access to P-H phosphenium metal complexes.
  • Showed that super-strong acids, unlike common acids, yield donor-stabilized P-H phosphenium complex salts.
  • Identified N-methylimidazole as a key donor ligand and studied its interaction with phosphorus.

Conclusions:

  • Established a viable method for synthesizing donor-stabilized phosphenium metal complexes with P-H bonds.
  • Highlighted the critical role of acid strength and anion type in directing the outcome of protonation reactions.
  • Provided theoretical insights into the nature of the donor-acceptor interaction in these novel P-H phosphenium systems.