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Central and mixed apneas in children with obstructive sleep apnea: effect of adenotonsillectomy

Joselina Antunes1, João Carvalho2, Carolina Marinho2

  • 1Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Department, Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca Hospital, IC19, 2720-276, Amadora, Portugal. Joselina.antunes@hff.min-saude.pt.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|January 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Adenotonsillectomy significantly improves mixed apnea index (MAI) and central apnea index (CAI) in children with moderate-to-severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). This surgery normalizes non-obstructive apneas in most affected children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Respiratory Physiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children often presents with mixed and central apneas.
  • Non-obstructive apneas are frequently observed in pediatric OSAS, impacting treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of adenotonsillectomy on mixed apnea index (MAI) and central apnea index (CAI).
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy in children with moderate-to-severe OSAS and non-obstructive apneas.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of polysomnographic data from 80 children with moderate-to-severe OSAS.
  • Children without comorbidities undergoing adenotonsillectomy were included.

Main Results:

  • Adenotonsillectomy led to significant reductions in MAI (1.2 to 0.5) and CAI (1.0 to 0.5).
  • Post-surgery, 91.7% of children showed normalized MAI and 75.6% normalized CAI.
  • The study included 80 children (55 boys, 25 girls) with a median age of 3.6 years.

Conclusions:

  • Adenotonsillectomy effectively reduces both obstructive and non-obstructive apneas in children with moderate-to-severe OSAS.
  • The procedure demonstrates significant improvements in MAI and CAI, suggesting its benefit for central and mixed apneas.
Abstract

Keywords:
AdenotonsillectomyCentral sleep apneasMixed sleep apneasObstructive sleep apnea

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