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A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness
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Viral Pneumonia: From Influenza to COVID-19

Catia Cilloniz1,2, Guinevere Dy-Agra3, Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan3

  • 1Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERESA, Barcelona, Spain.

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|January 16, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is often caused by respiratory viruses, particularly in vulnerable groups. While supportive care is crucial for severe cases, targeted antiviral therapy is limited to influenza and respiratory syncytial virus infections.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Respiratory viruses are a significant cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
  • Advanced diagnostics improve viral identification, especially in immunocompromised, elderly, and severe CAP patients.
  • Viral pneumonia severity and outcomes are comparable between influenza and non-influenza viruses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current evidence on viral pneumonia.
  • To cover epidemiology, diagnosis, management, treatment, and prevention strategies.
  • To highlight the role of diagnostics and supportive care in managing viral CAP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing evidence on viral pneumonia.
  • Synthesis of data on diagnostic technologies and their impact.
  • Analysis of treatment options, including antiviral and supportive care.

Main Results:

  • Respiratory viruses are increasingly identified as CAP causes.
  • Antiviral treatment is restricted to influenza and RSV.
  • Evidence-based supportive care remains the cornerstone for severe viral pneumonia management.

Conclusions:

  • Viral pneumonia diagnosis and management have advanced with new technologies.
  • Supportive care is critical for severe viral pneumonia.
  • Further research is needed to expand antiviral options for various respiratory viruses causing CAP.

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