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A limited visual search advantage for illusory faces.

Lizzie Collyer1, Jake Ireland1, Tirta Susilo2

  • 1School of Psychology, Victoria University of Wellington, Kelburn, New Zealand.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|January 16, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Illusory faces, perceived in everyday objects, show a limited visual search advantage over uniform objects. This suggests that illusory faces may not be processed identically to real faces by visual attention mechanisms.

Keywords:
Face detectionFace perceptionIllusory facesPareidoliaVisual search

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • The human visual system readily perceives faces, even illusory ones in everyday objects.
  • Research indicates similar perceptual and neural processing for real and illusory faces.
  • The role of visual attention in processing illusory faces remains less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if illusory faces retain a visual search advantage over single-category objects.
  • To compare visual search performance for illusory faces, real faces, variable objects, and uniform objects (flowers).

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted using visual search paradigms.
  • Participants searched for targets including illusory faces, real faces, variable objects, and uniform flower objects.
  • Search performance metrics were analyzed to compare target detectability.

Main Results:

  • Search for real faces yielded the best performance compared to all other target types.
  • Illusory faces showed a search advantage only over variable objects, not uniform flower objects.
  • This indicates a limited search advantage for illusory faces.

Conclusions:

  • Illusory faces do not consistently exhibit a visual search advantage over uniform objects.
  • The findings suggest that visual attention may process illusory faces differently from real faces.
  • This challenges the notion of identical attentional mechanisms for real and illusory face perception.