Interrupting the Self-Harm Continuum.

Area of Science:

• Psychology
• Public Health
• Mental Health Research

Background:

• Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) prevalence is rising, often correlating with suicidal behaviors, suggesting a continuum of self-harm.
• Understanding the relationship between NSSI, suicidal ideation, and help-seeking is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate self-harm and help-seeking behaviors among New Zealanders, focusing on prevention of further harm, including suicide.
• To identify potential avenues for preventing NSSI and associated suicidal behaviors.

Main Methods:

• An online survey was administered to 304 New Zealand participants, predominantly young females under 25.
• Data collected focused on experiences with self-harm, suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and help-seeking behaviors.

Main Results:

• Nearly half of participants reported engaging in self-harm, with most experiencing suicidal thoughts; approximately 25% had attempted suicide.
• NSSI was frequently employed as a coping mechanism for emotional distress, with very few participants seeking professional help.
• While professional support was often found helpful, it did not consistently lead to cessation of NSSI.

Conclusions:

• A significant portion of participants engaged in NSSI, often alongside suicidal ideation, using NSSI as an emotion regulation strategy.
• Some individuals may use NSSI as an alternative to suicide attempts, highlighting its complex role in managing distress.
• There is a critical need for enhanced identification and proactive support for NSSI, focusing on emotion regulation skills and targeted interventions due to the link with suicidal behaviors and help-seeking barriers.