Development of a cross-sectoral antimicrobial resistance capability assessment framework

Area of Science:

• Global Health
• Infectious Diseases
• One Health Approach

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a critical global health threat, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
• Limited data exists on current AMR capacities in LMICs, including policies, practices, and surveillance.
• Existing tools for AMR assessment are often fragmented, highlighting a need for comprehensive instruments.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a flexible framework of assessment tools for evaluating country-level capacity to combat AMR.
• To provide a detailed overview of AMR policy, practices, and capabilities across human and animal health sectors in LMICs.
• To support national action plans (NAPs) and inform investment and development activities.

Main Methods:

• A multidisciplinary team developed the framework through three phases: review of existing tools, adaptation, and piloting.
• The framework comprises five distinct assessment tools that can be used individually or collectively.
• Tools assess capacity in human health, animal health, policy, prescribing practices, and microbiological testing.

Main Results:

• A comprehensive framework with five adaptable assessment tools was successfully developed.
• The framework allows for flexible application, from institutional assessments to national-level evaluations.
• It provides a detailed overview of AMR capacity, identifying gaps and informing strategic interventions.

Conclusions:

• The developed framework offers a valuable resource for LMICs to assess and enhance their capacity to address AMR.
• It facilitates targeted capacity-building and cross-sectoral collaboration for AMR surveillance and control.
• The tools support evidence-based decision-making for national AMR strategies and investments.