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Related Concept Videos

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
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Social Anxiety Disorder01:28

Social Anxiety Disorder

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Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, is characterized by an intense fear of social situations where one might face humiliation, rejection, embarrassment, or negative evaluation. This disorder leads individuals to avoid activities like casual conversations, public speaking, or seemingly simple tasks such as eating, signing documents, or swimming, in public settings. Its impact extends beyond discomfort, often significantly interfering with daily functioning and quality of life.
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Socioemotional Development during Infancy01:30

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

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Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
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Empathy02:34

Empathy

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Some researchers suggest that altruism operates on empathy. Empathy is the capacity to understand another person’s perspective, to feel what he or she feels. An empathetic person makes an emotional connection with others and feels compelled to help (Batson, 1991). Empathy can be expressed in several ways, including cognitive, affective, and motor. 
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Physiology of Emotion01:20

Physiology of Emotion

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The physiology of emotions is a multifaceted process involving the autonomic nervous system, brain structures, hormones, and neurotransmitters. This intricate interplay dictates how emotions manifest in the body and influence behavior.
Autonomic Nervous System
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Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

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Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
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Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
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From synaptic dysfunction to atypical emotional processing in autism.

Sara L Reis1, Patricia Monteiro1

  • 1Department of Biomedicine - Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal.

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PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is linked to anxiety. Animal models reveal how altered sensory processing and amygdala function in ASD contribute to fear and anxiety, aiding targeted therapies.

Keywords:
anxietyautism spectrum disorderfearinteroceptionthreat processing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by social deficits and repetitive behaviors.
  • Individuals with ASD often experience significant emotional complexities, particularly high rates of anxiety disorders.
  • The heterogeneity of ASD complicates understanding its origins, necessitating research using animal models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review findings on neural circuits of fear and anxiety in the context of ASD.
  • To explore anxiety phenotypes in distinct ASD animal models.
  • To investigate the relationship between altered sensory processing, amygdala function, and anxiety in ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing research on neural circuits of fear and anxiety.
  • Analysis of anxiety phenotypes in various animal models of ASD.
  • Examination of neurobiological mechanisms of fear and anxiety regulation in ASD.

Main Results:

  • ASD animal models exhibit diverse anxiety phenotypes, serving as tools for research.
  • Altered sensory processing in ASD may contribute to atypical phobias.
  • Distinct alterations in the amygdala, a key fear processing hub, are observed in individuals with ASD.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding fear and anxiety regulation in ASD offers insights into its emotional profile.
  • Targeted interventions for emotional challenges in ASD can be developed based on neurobiological findings.
  • Research on ASD animal models is crucial for dissecting the multifaceted nature of the disorder and its associated anxiety.