Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 5, 2025

10:37
Comparing the Affinity of GTPase-binding Proteins using Competition Assays
Published on: October 8, 2015
9.2K
Nucleocytoplasmic transport rates are regulated by cellular processes that modulate GTP availability
Kelsey L Scott1, Charles T Halfmann1, Allison D Hoefakker1,2
1Enabling Technologies Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls SD.
Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|January 18, 2024
Summary
Cellular physiology changes, such as cell migration, affect GTP availability, which in turn modulates nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) rates. This impacts essential cellular functions like RNA export and protein synthesis.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Nucleocytoplasmic transport (NCT) facilitates essential eukaryotic cellular processes via nuclear pore complexes (NPCs).
- Ran GTPase utilizes GTP to establish a gradient across the nuclear envelope (NE), driving most NCT.
Approach:
- Monitored NCT rates using synthetic and natural cargo to assess the impact of altered GTP availability.
- Investigated the dynamics of Ran GTPase in response to changes in cellular physiology.
Key Points:
- Altered cellular physiology, including cell migration and spreading, impacts GTP availability.
- Changes in GTP availability directly modulate the rate of nucleocytoplasmic transport.
- Cellular processes like RNA export and protein synthesis are regulated by NCT rates.
Conclusions:
- Cellular physiology can regulate NCT rates by altering GTP availability.
- This regulatory mechanism impacts fundamental cellular processes reliant on NCT.
Keywords:
GEVALGTPLINuSNucleocytoplasmic transportRan GTPaseglucocorticoid receptornuclear pore complexMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting
2.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
GTPases and their Regulation
8.4K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒ small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
Large G-proteins,...
8.4K
Directionality of Nuclear Transport
3.2K
Ras-related nuclear protein or Ran is a small G protein that cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states. Ran specific regulators, a Ran GTPase Activating Protein or RanGAP present in the cytosol and a Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor or RanGEF present inside the nucleus regulate GTP/GDP exchange. A high concentration of GTP inside the cells, in addition to this asymmetric distribution of Ran-specific regulators, leads to a higher RanGTP concentration inside the nucleus. This...
3.2K
Nuclear Protein Sorting
4.6K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.6K
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
22.7K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.7K
Nuclear Export
3.6K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.6K

