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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Fabrication of Magnetic Platforms for Micron-Scale Organization of Interconnected Neurons
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Magnetoelectric Nanodiscs Enable Wireless Transgene-Free Neuromodulation.

Ye Ji Kim1,2,3, Nicolette Driscoll2,3, Noah Kent2,3

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed novel magnetoelectric nanodiscs (MENDs) that enable non-invasive, remote control of neural activity using magnetic fields, offering a potential alternative to deep-brain stimulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Deep-brain stimulation (DBS) is a revolutionary treatment for movement disorders but is invasive.
  • Developing less invasive neuromodulation techniques is crucial for expanding clinical and research applications.
  • Nanomaterials offer potential for converting magnetic fields into electrical signals for neural stimulation.

Approach:

  • Synthesized magnetoelectric nanodiscs (MENDs) with a Fe3O4-CoFe2O4-BaTiO3 core-double shell architecture.
  • Investigated efficient magnetoelectric coupling within the MENDs.
  • Studied neuronal responses to magnetic field stimulation using MENDs in vitro and in vivo.

Key Points:

  • MENDs demonstrated robust neuronal responses to magnetic field stimulation at a density of 1 μg/mm².
  • Individual MEND particle potentials were below the neuronal excitation threshold, suggesting a cooperative effect.
  • A model combining repetitive subthreshold depolarization and cable theory explained the observed in vitro and in vivo results.

Conclusions:

  • Magnetoelectric nanodiscs enable remote, non-invasive neuromodulation via magnetic fields.
  • MENDs injected into the mouse ventral tegmental area remotely controlled reward behavior.
  • This work paves the way for optimizing magnetoelectric neuromodulation for fundamental and translational neuroscience.