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Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Patients With Hypertension: A Systematic Review
Yazeed Almansouri1, Abdulrahman Alsuwatt1, Mazen Alzahrani1
1Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU.
Cureus
|January 18, 2024
Summary
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is common in hypertensive patients, with prevalence ranging from 12.1% to 88.3%. Factors like older age and obesity are associated with EDS in hypertension, highlighting a significant health concern.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Sleep Medicine
- Public Health
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often presents with subclinical cases, frequently identified through symptoms like snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS).
- Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a prevalent symptom observed in patients diagnosed with hypertension (HTN).
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a systematic review of the existing literature to determine the prevalence and association of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in patients with hypertension (HTN).
Main Methods:
- A systematic literature search was performed across major databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Science Direct.
- Rayyan QRCI software was utilized for study selection and data management.
- Nine studies comprising 58,517 patients were included in the final analysis.
Main Results:
- The prevalence of EDS among hypertensive patients varied widely, ranging from 12.1% to 88.3%.
- Hypertensive patients exhibited worse EDS compared to normotensive individuals.
- Associated factors for EDS in hypertensive patients included older age, lower educational attainment, overweight status, employment, obesity, depression, and longer duration of hypertension. Sympathovagal imbalance was also noted in some cases.
Conclusions:
- Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a significant and common issue in patients with hypertension (HTN).
- Several demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors are associated with EDS in this population, indicating a need for targeted screening and management strategies.
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