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The study of music provides many examples of the superposition of waves and the constructive and destructive interference that occurs. Very few examples of music being performed consist of a single source playing a single frequency for an extended period of time. A single frequency of sound for an extended period might be monotonous to the point of irritation, similar to the unwanted drone of an aircraft engine or a loud fan. Music is pleasant and exciting due to mixing the changing frequencies...
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Meaning-making and creativity in musical entrainment.

Andrea Schiavio1,2, Maria A G Witek3, Jan Stupacher4

  • 1School of Arts and Creative Technologies, University of York, York, United Kingdom.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Musical entrainment, the synchronization of biological rhythms with external stimuli, fosters creativity. This process, rooted in embodied experience, serves as a foundational element for developing diverse musical creativities.

Keywords:
couplingcreativityentrainmentmeaning-makingmusic

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Science
  • Music Psychology
  • Enactive Cognition

Background:

  • Musical entrainment involves biological synchronization with music.
  • Creativity is linked to adaptation and exploration through embodied experience.
  • Existing research on entrainment lacks a focus on its creative potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose musical entrainment as an intrinsically creative process.
  • To explore how entrainment enables higher-level creative behaviors.
  • To integrate enactive cognitive science and creative cognition research.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical integration of enactive and creative cognition.
  • Focus on groove, communication, and emotion in music.
  • Review of empirical entrainment studies (musical and non-musical).

Main Results:

  • Musical entrainment promotes adaptation and exploration.
  • Bodily experience is key to cultivating innovation.
  • Entrainment fosters meaning-making and creativity.

Conclusions:

  • Musical entrainment is a fundamental building block for musical creativity.
  • It shapes an individual's musical development.
  • The proposed theory offers avenues for empirical testing.