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An ongoing secondary task can reduce the illusory truth effect.

Deva P Ly1, Daniel M Bernstein2, Eryn J Newman1

  • 1School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Frontiers in Psychology
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Engaging in a secondary task reduces the Illusory Truth Effect (ITE), making people less likely to believe repeated information. Higher accuracy on the secondary task correlated with a stronger ITE, suggesting cognitive load impacts belief formation.

Keywords:
familiarityillusory truth effectprocessing fluencysecondary tasktruth judgment

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology

Background:

  • The Illusory Truth Effect (ITE) describes the tendency to believe repeated information.
  • Semantic processing is crucial for the ITE.
  • Everyday multitasking may influence information processing and belief.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how concurrent secondary tasks affect the Illusory Truth Effect.
  • To determine if cognitive load from multitasking modulates belief in repeated statements.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments adapted the ITE paradigm.
  • Participants performed a secondary task (e.g., vowel counting) during statement encoding and/or testing.
  • Accuracy on the secondary task was measured.

Main Results:

  • The ITE was significantly larger when participants were not engaged in a secondary task.
  • Higher accuracy on the secondary task was associated with a larger ITE.
  • Concurrent cognitive load appears to reduce the impact of repetition on belief.

Conclusions:

  • Engaging in secondary tasks can diminish the Illusory Truth Effect.
  • Cognitive load is a key factor influencing susceptibility to the ITE.
  • Further research into secondary task effects on belief formation is warranted.