Clot or Not? Reviewing the Reciprocal Regulation Between Lipids and Blood Clotting
Ziyu Zhang1, Maya Rodriguez1, Ze Zheng1,2,3,4
1Thrombosis & Hemostasis Program, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee (M.R., Z. Zhang, Z. Zheng).
Insights
Lipid metabolism and blood clotting are interconnected, influencing atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. Understanding this relationship is key to developing new treatments for these life-threatening conditions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Lipid Metabolism
- Hemostasis and Thrombosis
Background:
- Atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ACVDs) are a major global health burden, driven by hyperlipidemia and thrombosis.
- Lipid-rich plaques in arteries can rupture, leading to thrombotic events and adverse outcomes.
- Lipoproteins, involved in lipid transport, interact with clotting proteins, suggesting a complex interplay.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the bidirectional relationship between lipoproteins/lipids and the hemostatic system.
- To explore how clotting-related proteins affect lipid metabolism.
- To identify research gaps in this critical area.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing studies on lipid metabolism and blood clotting.
- Synthesis of evidence on the impact of lipoproteins on hemostasis.
- Analysis of how coagulation factors influence lipid profiles.
Main Results:
- Lipoproteins and lipids demonstrably influence the hemostatic system.
- Clotting-related proteins play a role in regulating lipid metabolism.
- A reciprocal regulatory relationship exists between these two systems.
Conclusions:
- The interplay between lipid metabolism and blood clotting is crucial in ACVD pathogenesis.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate these interactions and their therapeutic implications.
Abstract:
Both hyperlipidemia and thrombosis contribute to the risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death and reduced quality of life in survivors worldwide. The accumulation of lipid-rich plaques on arterial walls eventually leads to the rupture or erosion of vulnerable lesions, triggering excessive blood clotting and leading to adverse thrombotic events. Lipoproteins are highly dynamic particles that circulate in blood, carry insoluble lipids, and are associated with proteins, many of which are involved in blood clotting. A growing body of evidence suggests a reciprocal regulatory relationship between blood clotting and lipid metabolism. In this review article, we summarize the observations that lipoproteins and lipids impact the hemostatic system, and the clotting-related proteins influence lipid metabolism. We also highlight the gaps that need to be filled in this area of research.
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