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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
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[Typical and atypical optic neuritis].

N L Sheremet1, D D Eliseeva2, A K Kalashnikova3

  • 1Kasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases, Moscow, Russia.

Vestnik Oftalmologii
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Optic neuritis (ON) is a common cause of vision loss. Differentiating typical MS-associated ON from atypical ON in NMOSD and MOGAD is crucial for effective disease management and treatment.

Keywords:
MOG-associated diseaseneuromyelitis optica spectrum disorderoptic neuritis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-ophthalmology
  • Immunology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Optic neuritis (ON) is a leading cause of vision loss globally, often stemming from demyelinating conditions.
  • Demyelinating ON can be idiopathic or a manifestation of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD).

Approach:

  • This review synthesizes clinical, laboratory, and instrumental data to differentiate ON presentations.
  • It focuses on distinguishing typical MS-associated ON from atypical ON observed in NMOSD and MOGAD.

Key Points:

  • Demographic, clinical, and radiological features vary among ON associated with different CNS demyelinating diseases.
  • Identifying these differences is vital for accurate diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies.
  • Distinguishing typical MS-ON from atypical ON in NMOSD and MOGAD is essential for appropriate patient management.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate differential diagnosis of optic neuritis is critical for guiding appropriate treatment strategies.
  • Understanding the distinct clinical features of ON in MS, NMOSD, and MOGAD improves patient outcomes.