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Cartilage thickness measurement in foals.

E C Firth, Y Greydanus

    Research in Veterinary Science
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cartilage thickness in foal epiphyses varies, with thickest areas correlating to some osteochondrosis dissecans sites. However, the most common equine osteochondrosis site in femora does not have the thickest cartilage.

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    Area of Science:

    • Equine anatomy and pathology
    • Developmental orthopedics

    Background:

    • Epiphyseal cartilage thickness is crucial for foal skeletal development.
    • Understanding cartilage distribution aids in diagnosing developmental orthopedic diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To measure and map cartilage thickness in key foal epiphyses.
    • To correlate cartilage thickness with common sites of osteochondrosis dissecans and epiphyseal osteomyelitis.

    Main Methods:

    • Necropsy of 20 foals (0-150 days old).
    • Sagittal sectioning of talus, humerus, radius, femur, tibia, and metacarpus epiphyses.
    • Measurement of articular and unossified epiphyseal cartilage thickness using calipers.

    Main Results:

    • Consistent sites of thickest cartilage were observed across foals in most epiphyses.
    • Distal femora showed the greatest variation in cartilage thickness; distal metacarpi showed the least.
    • Thickest cartilage sites in tali and proximal humeri correlated with osteochondrosis dissecans occurrence.
    • The most common equine osteochondrosis site in femora did not correspond to the thickest cartilage area.
    • Epiphyseal osteomyelitis in foals was most frequent in areas of greatest cartilage thickness in the medial femoral condyle, talus, and distal radius.

    Conclusions:

    • Cartilage thickness distribution is largely consistent in foals.
    • Specific thick cartilage sites are associated with certain developmental orthopedic conditions.
    • The commonest equine osteochondrosis site in femora requires further investigation regarding its pathogenesis.

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