Vascular microphysiological systems.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Cell Biology
• Physiology

Background:

• Vascular microphysiological systems (MPS) are increasingly sophisticated, offering improved tissue replication capabilities.
• Traditional cell culture methods are limited in their ability to model complex physiological processes.
• There is a growing need for advanced in vitro models that recapitulate in vivo vascular functions.

Approach:

• This review summarizes recent innovations in the design and application of vascular MPS.
• It highlights the integration of complex microfluidics, multiple cell types, and dynamic flow conditions.
• The focus is on advancements enabling real-time observation and functional assays.

Key Points:

• Vascular MPS are utilized to study transport phenomena, including endothelial barrier function and vascular permeability.
• These models facilitate pharmacological studies, such as drug distribution and toxicity assessments.
• Recent advancements allow for the modeling of inflammatory processes by incorporating immune cells and studying cell migration and function.
• Incorporation of flow in vascular MPS aims to more closely mimic in vivo conditions.

Conclusions:

• Vascular MPS represent a diverse range of tissue and disease states, from simple to complex multi-compartmental designs.
• These 3D models provide unprecedented opportunities for real-time observation and functional assays.
• The ongoing innovations in vascular MPS are crucial for advancing our understanding of vascular biology and disease.