Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity01:21

Introduction to Innate and Adaptive Immunity

4.0K
The human immune system is a complex defense mechanism that protects the body from harmful pathogens and foreign substances. It comprises two crucial components: innate and adaptive immunity.
Innate immunity is the body's natural, nonspecific defense system that acts quickly to protect against pathogens. It incorporates physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes and cellular elements such as phagocytes and natural killer cells. This part of our immune system provides an immediate,...
4.0K
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

789
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
789
What is the Immune System?01:38

What is the Immune System?

111.4K
Overview
111.4K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

68.3K
Overview
68.3K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
Cells of the Innate Immune Response01:28

Cells of the Innate Immune Response

1.7K
The innate immune response is an immediate and non-specific response against pathogens, acting swiftly to prevent the spread of infections. The primary cells involved in this response are phagocytes and natural killer (NK) cells.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes police the peripheral tissues by removing cellular debris and responding to the invasion of foreign substances or pathogens. Many phagocytes attack and remove microorganisms even before lymphocytes detect them. The human body has two general...
1.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Clinical utility of self-assembling peptide haemostat (PuraBond®) in ENT surgery: a 600-patient observational registry at University Hospitals Birmingham.

The Journal of laryngology and otology·2026
Same author

Perioperative Hemodynamic Responses in Hypertensive Patients Undergoing Oral Surgery and Development of the Perozo Protocol.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Comparative Clinical Performance of Multiple-Head Skin Prick Test Devices: A Prospective Evaluation of Pain, Sensitivity, Specificity, and Intradevice Variability.

Cureus·2026
Same author

Chlorpheniramine Maleate Displaying Multiple Modes of Antiviral Action Against SARS-CoV-2: An Initial Mechanistic Study.

Cureus·2025
Same author

Valve-in-Valve Repair in a Critically Ill Obstetric Patient with Severe Pulmonary Stenosis: A Rare Case.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Inflammatory signaling pathways in neutrophils: implications for breast cancer therapy.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)·2025
Same journal

Artificial intelligence-driven multi-omics analysis of gut-kidney axis in chronic kidney disease.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same journal

Artificial intelligence in multi-omics analysis of heart diseases.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same journal

AI in multi-omics analysis of type 2 diabetes.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same journal

AI in multi-omics analysis in AMR.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same journal

AI in multi-omics analysis of COVID-19 patient data.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
Same journal

AI in multi-omics analysis of liver diseases.

Progress in molecular biology and translational science·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection
07:36

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection

Published on: February 28, 2021

2.9K

Innate immune responses to SARS-CoV-2.

Sunny Dawoodi1, Syed A A Rizvi2, Asiya Kamber Zaidi3

  • 1Anaesthesiologist, University Hospitals Birmingham and NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This chapter details the innate immune system's early defense against SARS-CoV-2, covering viral recognition, immune cell activation, and the virus's evasion tactics. Understanding these mechanisms is key for developing effective COVID-19 therapies.

Keywords:
Innate immune cellsInnate immunityPANoptosisSARS-CoV-2Toll like receptors

More Related Videos

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
05:23

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: December 23, 2020

6.1K
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection
07:36

Contact-Free Co-Culture Model for the Study of Innate Immune Cell Activation During Respiratory Virus Infection

Published on: February 28, 2021

2.9K
Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization
05:23

Visualization of SARS-CoV-2 using Immuno RNA-Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Published on: December 23, 2020

6.1K
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.7K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The innate immune system provides critical early defense against viral pathogens.
  • Understanding the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is vital for therapeutic development.
  • Key components include pattern recognition receptors and innate immune cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of the innate immune response to SARS-CoV-2.
  • To elucidate SARS-CoV-2 recognition, host cell activation, and immune evasion strategies.
  • To highlight the role of innate immunity and PANoptosis in SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of innate immune system components and their roles in SARS-CoV-2 recognition.
  • Discussion of pattern recognition receptors (TLRs, RLRs, NLRs) and cytosolic sensors.
  • Exploration of innate immune cell activation (neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, etc.) and cytokine/chemokine secretion (IFNs, IL-6, TNF-α).

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 is recognized by various pattern recognition receptors, initiating innate immune responses.
  • Activation of innate immune cells leads to the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferons.
  • SARS-CoV-2 employs specific evasion strategies to subvert host innate immunity, promoting viral persistence.

Conclusions:

  • The innate immune response is a complex, multi-faceted defense against SARS-CoV-2.
  • Understanding viral evasion mechanisms is crucial for designing targeted antiviral therapies.
  • Further research into innate immunity and PANoptosis could yield novel therapeutic strategies for COVID-19.