Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

739
T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
739
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

789
The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
789
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

68.3K
Overview
68.3K
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

1.0K
When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
1.0K
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

921
Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
921
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

989
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
989

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Hepatic Artery Infusion Pump Chemotherapy Associated Biliary Sclerosis After Treatment for Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis.

Annals of surgical oncology·2026
Same author

ASO Visual Abstract: Robotic Versus Open Placement of Hepatic Artery Infusion Pumps.

Annals of surgical oncology·2025
Same author

Robotic Versus Open Placement of Hepatic Artery Infusion Pumps.

Annals of surgical oncology·2025
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

2.8K

T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2.

Laiqha Khadri1, Mohammad Hossein Ziraksaz1, Ahmad Bashir Barekzai1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Immune Inspired, Bangalore.

Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study details T cell responses in COVID-19, examining T cell differentiation, specificity, and function during SARS-CoV-2 infection. It explores immune regulation and spike protein immunology for therapeutic insights.

Keywords:
Cell mediated immunityCellular immune responsesCross reactive T cellsT cell immunityT cell responses

More Related Videos

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.7K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
06:03

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2
08:41

Live Imaging and Quantification of Viral Infection in K18 hACE2 Transgenic Mice Using Reporter-Expressing Recombinant SARS-CoV-2

Published on: November 5, 2021

2.8K
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection
10:25

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies using High-Throughput Fluorescent Imaging of Pseudovirus Infection

Published on: June 5, 2021

4.7K
Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays
06:03

Author Spotlight: Advancing Immune Monitoring in Critical Care Patients Using Whole Blood Assays

Published on: September 20, 2024

1.3K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • COVID-19 pathogenesis involves complex T cell responses.
  • The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is a key target of the adaptive immune system.
  • Understanding T cell dynamics is crucial for effective COVID-19 management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively analyze T cell differentiation, specificity, and function in COVID-19.
  • To investigate the role of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in T cell responses and immune regulation.
  • To explore T cell cross-reactivity and implications for autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of T cell differentiation pathways during SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Examination of spike protein immunology and T cell epitope specificity.
  • Investigation of cellular immune responses, including phenotype and function.
  • Exploration of T cell cross-recognition with other human coronaviruses.
  • Assessment of immune regulation mechanisms involving spike proteins and T cells.

Main Results:

  • Detailed characterization of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses during acute infection.
  • Identification of factors influencing T cell fate and effector functions.
  • Evidence of T cell cross-recognition against other human coronaviruses.
  • Insights into spike protein-mediated immune regulation, including self-spike protein reactivity.
  • Potential links between T cell responses and autoimmune disease implications.

Conclusions:

  • T cell responses are critical in COVID-19, with distinct differentiation and functional profiles.
  • Spike protein immunology and regulation mechanisms offer therapeutic and diagnostic avenues.
  • Understanding T cell responses aids in developing targeted immunotherapies and vaccines for COVID-19 and related conditions.