Physical Activity Interventions for Postnatal Weight Management: A Systematic Literature Review

Area of Science:

• Obstetrics and Gynecology
• Public Health
• Exercise Science

Background:

• Physical activity (PA) is crucial for maintaining weight and reducing postnatal weight retention (PWR).
• Limited evidence exists on effective postnatal PA for Malaysian women.
• Effective weight management strategies are needed to lower obesity-related comorbidities in the postnatal period.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review evidence-based literature on the effectiveness of PA interventions for postnatal weight management.
• To identify preferred types of PA interventions for postnatal women.
• To inform healthcare professionals on effective PA strategies for PWR management.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search following PRISMA guidelines (2011-2021).
• Inclusion of randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies on PA interventions for postnatal women (up to 18 months postpartum).
• Exclusion of studies with pharmacological management; focus on supervised PA guidance/counselling with a minimum 10-week follow-up.

Main Results:

• Six articles met the inclusion criteria; risk of bias varied (1 low, 2 some concerns, 3 high).
• Walking, yoga, and Pilates were identified as the most appropriate and preferred PA types.
• These activities showed a small but significant impact on postnatal women's weight management.

Conclusions:

• Walking, yoga, and Pilates are effective and preferred PA interventions for managing postnatal weight retention.
• Healthcare professionals should integrate these specific PA interventions into postnatal care programs.
• Targeted PA programs can help mitigate obesity-related comorbidities in the postnatal population.