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Related Concept Videos

Isomerism02:43

Isomerism

18.5K
Isomers are molecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements. Isomers can be further classified into constitutional isomers and stereoisomers. Constitutional isomers differ in the connectivity of their constituent atoms. For example, 2-butanol and diethyl ether are constitutional isomers, as they have the same chemical formula, C4H10O, but differ in the connectivity of the carbon and oxygen atoms. Constitutional isomers have different physical and chemical...
18.5K
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

11.9K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
11.9K
Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes02:18

Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes

18.1K
Organic compounds of the same molecular formula can have different structural formulas called constitutional isomers, and the phenomenon is known as constitutional isomerism. Alkanes with four or more carbons showing multiple structures with the same molecular formula thereby exhibit constitutional isomerism.
The linear isomer of an alkane is prefixed by the term “n”; hence a linear isomer of pentane is known as n-pentane. Based on the type of branching, some of the...
18.1K
Structural Isomerism02:34

Structural Isomerism

19.2K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
19.2K
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds02:33

Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

8.9K
In this lesson, we delve into the role of ring conformation and its stability, which determines the spatial arrangement and, consequently, the molecular symmetry and stereoisomerism of cyclic compounds. 1,2-Dimethylcyclohexane is used as a case study to evaluate the possible number of stereoisomers. Here, given the multiple (n = 2) chiral centers, there are 2n = 4 possible configurations that lack a plane of symmetry, as the ring skeleton exists in a non-planar chair conformation. In addition,...
8.9K
Isomerism in Alkenes02:01

Isomerism in Alkenes

12.0K
Alkenes like 1-butene and 2-butene exhibit constitutional isomerism, as they differ in the position of the double bond. Further, 2-butene exhibits stereoisomerism and exists as two distinct compounds differing in spatial arrangement.
An isomer is called cis-2-butene when the methyl groups are on the same side of the double bond, and the other stereoisomer, in which methyl groups are on the opposite side of the double bond, is called trans-2-butene. The cis and trans stereoisomers are not...
12.0K

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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers
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Coulomb Explosion Imaging as a Tool to Distinguish Between Stereoisomers

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Network Constitutional Isomers.

Brandon R Clarke1, Gregory N Tew1

  • 1Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.

Macromolecules
|January 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized network constitutional isomers (NCIs) for the first time, revealing distinct mechanical properties based on kinetic chain lengths. This breakthrough in polymer chemistry paves the way for advanced materials with tunable properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Bottlebrush networks are complex polymer architectures.
  • Controlling network properties is crucial for material design.
  • Constitutional isomerism offers a novel approach to tune material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize, for the first time, bottlebrush networks as constitutional isomers.
  • To investigate the impact of kinetic chain lengths on the mechanical properties of these network constitutional isomers (NCIs).
  • To explore the extension of the NCI concept to include dispersity control.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of bottlebrush networks using living polymerization techniques.
  • Control of kinetic chain lengths via monomer-to-initiator ratio.
  • Characterization of mechanical properties, including low frequency moduli, yield behavior, elongation at break, and adhesive strength.
  • Utilizing catalyst choice to influence kinetic chain lengths' dispersity.

Main Results:

  • Successfully synthesized novel network constitutional isomers (NCIs).
  • Demonstrated significantly different mechanical properties (moduli, yield, elongation, adhesion) at identical cross-link densities, solely based on kinetic chain lengths.
  • Extended the NCI concept to incorporate controlled dispersity.

Conclusions:

  • Kinetic chain length is a critical parameter dictating the mechanical behavior of NCIs.
  • Living polymerization chemistry provides precise control over network formation and properties.
  • The NCI concept offers a powerful strategy for designing next-generation materials with tailored performance.