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GLP-1 agonists: A review for emergency clinicians
Brit Long1, Jessica Pelletier2, Alex Koyfman3
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA.
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|January 19, 2024
Summary
Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists effectively treat diabetes and obesity but can cause adverse events. Emergency clinicians should understand these risks, including GI issues and potential complications from unregulated sources.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists are widely used for managing type 2 diabetes and obesity.
- These therapies offer significant benefits in glucose control and weight management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review GLP-1 agonist therapy and its associated complications for emergency clinicians.
- To enhance clinical preparedness for adverse events related to these medications.
Main Methods:
- This is a narrative review.
- Focused evaluation of GLP-1 agonist therapy and associated complications.
Main Results:
- Common adverse events include gastrointestinal issues (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), pancreatitis, and biliary disease.
- Hypersensitivity reactions, renal adverse events, hypoglycemia (when used with other agents), and increased risk of diabetic retinopathy are also noted.
- Risks are amplified with unregulated sources due to shortages and cost.
Conclusions:
- Understanding GLP-1 agonist indications and adverse events is crucial for emergency clinicians.
- Awareness aids in managing patients presenting with complications related to these therapies.
Keywords:
Adverse eventComplicationCompoundingDiabetesEndocrineGLP-1 agonistLiraglutideSemaglutideSide effectWeight lossMore Related Videos
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