Does Accidental Hypothermia Increase Morbidity and Mortality in Mature Neonates?

Lisa Petersen1, Franz Kainer2, Michael Andreas Schroth1

  • 1Neonatologie und Kinder-Intensivmedizin, Diakoneo Cnopfsche Kinderklinik, Nürnberg, Germany.

Accidental hypothermia in mature neonates requiring hospitalization is a clinical complication that has not been studied in detail. In the present study, the effect of accidental hypothermia on common morbidity in neonates in the postnatal period was investigated. We did temperature measurements in 616 mature neonates after birth, after transfer to the maternity ward and at check-up at age of 48-72 hours of life. Additionally, nurses checked temperature until discharge at every diaper change in 302 of all included neonates who were small for gestational age (SGA) or whose mothers had green fluid or premature rupture of membranes (PROM). We investigated if there was a correlation between infection, hyperbilirubinemia, hypoglycemia, SGA, gestational diabetes, PROM, green amniotic fluid, positive GBS status of the mother, and accidental hypothermia in the first 48-72 hours of life. Mature neonates showed transient accidental hypothermia in the first 24 hours of life. No significant correlation between infection (p=0.571), hyperbilirubinemia (p=0.837), hypoglycemia (p=0.072), and accidental hypothermia could be seen. There was a significant correlation between SGA (p=0.020), PROM (p=0.008), and accidental hypothermia, while hyperthermia was associated with infection (p=0.009) and green amniotic fluid (p=0.004). SGA and PROM represent perinatal risk factors for postnatal transient accidental hypothermia in mature neonates. Increased morbidity or mortality associated with postnatal accidental hypothermia has not been demonstrated.Akzidentelle Hypothermie bei Reifgeborenen, die einer Hospitalisierung bedürfen, ist eine bisher nicht näher analysierte klinische Komplikation. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die Abhängigkeit einer akzidentellen Hypothermie von typischen Erkrankungen der Postnatalperiode untersucht. Wir führten bei 616 Reifgeborenen Temperaturmessungen nach Geburt, nach Verlegung auf die Wochenstation und bei der Vorsorgeuntersuchung U2 durch. Zusätzlich kontrollierten wir bei 302 der 616 Neugeborenen mit Small for gestational age (SGA), grünem Fruchtwasser oder vorzeitigem Blasensprung (PROM) die Temperatur bei jedem Windelwechsel bis zur Entlassung. Wir untersuchten, ob es einen Zusammenhang zwischen Infektion, Hyperbilirubinämie, Hypoglykämie, SGA, Gestationsdiabetes, PROM, grünem Fruchtwasser, positivem GBS-Status der Mutter und akzidenteller Auskühlung innerhalb der ersten 48-72 Lebensstunden gab. Reifgeborene zeigten in den ersten 24 Lebensstunden transiente akzidentelle Hypothermien. Es konnte kein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen Infektion (P=0.571), Hyperbilirubinämie (p=0.837), Hypoglykämie (p=0.072) und akzidenteller Hypothermie festgestellt werden. Es bestand ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen SGA (p=0.020), PROM (p=0.008) und akzidenteller Hypothermie, während Hyperthermie war mit Infektion (p=0.009) und grünem Fruchtwasser (p=0.004) assoziiert war. SGA und PROM stellen perinatale Risikofaktoren für postnatale transiente, akzidentelle Hypothermien bei Reifgeborenen dar. Eine erhöhte Morbidiät bzw. Mortalität im Zusammenhang mit postnataler akzidenteller Hypothermie konnte nicht nachgewiesen werden.

Related Concept Videos

Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
618
Factors Affecting Body Temperature01:28

Factors Affecting Body Temperature

As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may  include:
4.2K
Increased Body Temperature01:25

Increased Body Temperature

A body temperature above  38°C  (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in...
674
Methods of reducing fever01:22

Methods of reducing fever

The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
664
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature01:19

Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature

Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...
128
Acute Respiratory Failure-II01:21

Acute Respiratory Failure-II

Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
238