Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Elastic Collisions: Introduction01:00

Elastic Collisions: Introduction

12.8K
An elastic collision is one that conserves both internal kinetic energy and momentum. Internal kinetic energy is the sum of the kinetic energies of the objects in a system. Truly elastic collisions can only be achieved with subatomic particles, such as electrons striking nuclei. Macroscopic collisions can be very nearly, but not quite, elastic, as some kinetic energy is always converted into other forms of energy such as heat transfer due to friction and sound. An example of a nearly...
12.8K
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom02:45

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

42.3K
Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.
42.3K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

23.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
23.9K
Arrhenius Plots02:34

Arrhenius Plots

39.5K
The Arrhenius equation relates the activation energy and the rate constant, k, for chemical reactions. In the Arrhenius equation, k = Ae−Ea/RT, R is the ideal gas constant, which has a value of 8.314 J/mol·K, T is the temperature on the kelvin scale, Ea is the activation energy in J/mole, e is the constant 2.7183, and A is a constant called the frequency factor, which is related to the frequency of collisions and the orientation of the reacting molecules.
The Arrhenius equation can be used...
39.5K
Perpendicular-Axis Theorem01:16

Perpendicular-Axis Theorem

2.8K
The perpendicular-axis theorem states that the moment of inertia of a planar object about an axis perpendicular to its plane is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia about two mutually perpendicular concurrent axes lying in the plane of the body.
Consider a circular disc of mass M and radius R lying along an x-y plane. The origin lies at the center of the disc, and the z-axis is perpendicular to the disc's plane. All three axes coincide at the disc's center. The moment of inertia of this...
2.8K
Elastic Collisions: Case Study01:15

Elastic Collisions: Case Study

14.1K
Elastic collision of a system demands conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy. To solve problems involving one-dimensional elastic collisions between two objects, the equations for conservation of momentum and conservation of internal kinetic energy can be used. For the two objects, the sum of momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision. An elastic collision conserves internal kinetic energy, and so the sum of kinetic energies before the collision equals...
14.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of Machine-Learned Interatomic Potentials to Predict Structure, Transport, and Reactivity in Platinum-Based Fuel Cells.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Unmasking Charge Transfer in the Misfits: ARPES and Ab Initio Prediction of Electronic Structure in Layered Incommensurate Systems without Artificial Strain.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Ab Initio Electron-Phonon-Coupling Theory of Elastic Helium-Atom Scattering.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Correction: Atomate2: modular workflows for materials science.

Digital discovery·2025
Same author

Atomate2: modular workflows for materials science.

Digital discovery·2025
Same author

Static Subspace Approximation for Random Phase Approximation Correlation Energies: Applications to Materials for Catalysis and Electrochemistry.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
06:49

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

Published on: March 2, 2021

6.3K

Fully Ab Initio Approach to Inelastic Atom-Surface Scattering.

Michelle M Kelley1, Ravishankar Sundararaman2, Tomás A Arias1

  • 1Department of Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.

Physical Review Letters
|January 19, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a new ab initio theory for atom-surface scattering, enabling precise phonon excitation calculations. This method corrects existing theories and guides future atomic beam scattering experiments.

More Related Videos

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
07:19

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering

Published on: November 5, 2018

12.7K
Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation
06:49

In situ Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering on Roll-To-Roll Coating of Organic Solar Cells with Laboratory X-ray Instrumentation

Published on: March 2, 2021

6.3K
Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering
07:19

Structural Studies of Macromolecules in Solution using Small Angle X-Ray Scattering

Published on: November 5, 2018

12.7K
Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling
10:27

Contrast-Matching Detergent in Small-Angle Neutron Scattering Experiments for Membrane Protein Structural Analysis and Ab Initio Modeling

Published on: October 21, 2018

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Surface science
  • Atomic physics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Inelastic atom-surface scattering is crucial for understanding surface dynamics.
  • Current theories often yield misleading results for single phonon excitation.
  • Accurate theoretical models are needed to interpret experimental data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce a fully ab initio theory for inelastic atom-surface scattering.
  • Apply the theory to helium scattering from Nb(100).
  • Provide a general and accurate approach for predicting single phonon excitations.

Main Methods:

  • Direct first-principles evaluation of the scattering atom-electron vertex.
  • Development of a general theoretical framework for atom-surface interactions.
  • Computational application to a specific atom-surface system (He/Nb(100)).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a fully ab initio approach for inelastic scattering.
  • Successfully applied the theory to helium scattering from Nb(100).
  • Identified and corrected inaccuracies in existing state-of-the-art theories.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ab initio theory offers a general and accurate method for studying single phonon excitations in atom-surface scattering.
  • This approach corrects previous theoretical limitations and provides a reliable tool for experimental guidance.
  • The theory is critical for interpreting experiments using next-generation nondestructive atomic beam scattering techniques.