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Geometric method to determine planar anchoring strength for chromonics.

Silvia Paparini¹, Epifanio G Virga¹

¹Department of Mathematics, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy.

Physical Review. E

|January 20, 2024

Summary

This study introduces a geometric method to measure the planar anchoring strength of chromonic liquid crystals. The technique analyzes the equilibrium shapes of droplets, like bâtonnets, discoids, and tactoids, revealing insights into their behavior.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Soft Matter Physics

Background:

Chromonic liquid crystals are lyotropic materials known for half a century.
Recent interest stems from their potential applications in life sciences.
Characterizing elastic constants and anchoring strengths is crucial for these applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To present a novel geometric method for determining the planar anchoring strength of chromonic liquid crystals.
To analyze the equilibrium shapes of liquid crystal droplets in a controlled environment.

Main Methods:

A geometric method based on recognizing and fitting stable equilibrium droplet shapes.
Utilizing thin cells with plates enforcing parallel nematic director alignment.
Observing and theoretically predicting droplet shapes such as bâtonnets, discoids, and tactoids.

Main Results:

The method successfully determines planar anchoring strength by analyzing droplet morphology.
Experimental observations confirmed bâtonnet shapes, consistent with theoretical predictions.
The theory predicts discoid and tactoid shapes, with shape bistability observed in small droplets.

Conclusions:

The geometric method provides a reliable way to quantify chromonic liquid crystal anchoring.
Droplet shape analysis offers valuable insights into the behavior and properties of these materials.
Predicted shape bistability in small droplets opens avenues for further research in liquid crystal physics.