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Drinking, Diversity, and Discrimination: Campus-Level Factors that Influence Students' Risk of Experiencing Sexual
Carrie A Moylan1, Jacob A Nason1, Wenjuan Ma2
1School of Social Work, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA.
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
|January 20, 2024
Summary
Campus diversity and discrimination influence sexual assault risk for college students. Interventions should promote inclusive environments, especially for marginalized groups, to reduce sexual violence. This study analyzed data from 309,171 students.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Higher Education Studies
Background:
- Individual risk factors for college student sexual assault are well-documented.
- Campus-level factors, such as discrimination and diversity, are less understood influences on sexual assault risk.
- Effective campus-level sexual assault prevention requires identifying broader environmental risk factors.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how campus-level factors influence sexual assault risk among college students.
- To determine the impact of campus diversity and discrimination on sexual assault victimization.
- To inform the development of campus-wide sexual assault prevention strategies.
Main Methods:
- Secondary analysis of a large, multi-campus health and well-being survey (N=309,171 students across 474 US campuses).
- Utilized mixed-effects logistic regression to analyze the influence of campus-level factors on sexual assault risk.
- Controlled for individual-level risk factors, including sexual and gender minority status.
Main Results:
- Campus-level rates of binge drinking, diversity (sexual orientation and gender), and discrimination significantly impacted students' odds of sexual assault.
- Campus enrollment size had a small but significant effect.
- Aggregated campus-level factors, particularly discrimination and diversity, showed larger effects than individual-level factors.
Conclusions:
- Campus sexual violence prevention efforts should prioritize creating safe and inclusive campus environments.
- Strategies addressing campus-level discrimination and promoting diversity are crucial for reducing sexual assault.
- Interventions must consider the heightened risk for students with marginalized sexual and gender identities.
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