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Preschool impulse oscillometry predicts active asthma and impaired lung function at school age
Hanna M Knihtilä1, Benjamin J Stubbs2, Vincent J Carey2
1Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|January 20, 2024
Summary
Impulse oscillometry (IOS) in preschoolers can identify children at high risk for respiratory issues. Increased airway resistance at age 4 predicts later asthma and lung function problems.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Respiratory Medicine
- Pulmonary Function Testing
- Asthma Research
Background:
- Asthma onset frequently occurs in early childhood.
- Spirometry can be challenging for young children.
- Impulse oscillometry (IOS) offers a feasible alternative for assessing lung function in preschoolers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the utility of IOS in a high-risk pediatric asthma cohort.
- To determine if early IOS measurements predict later respiratory outcomes.
- To assess IOS in the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDDART) cohort.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal follow-up of children from birth to 8 years.
- Lung function assessed via IOS at ages 4-6 and spirometry at ages 5-8.
- Repeated questionnaires collected data on asthma status, symptoms, and medication use.
Main Results:
- Increased respiratory resistance at 5 Hz at age 4 was linked to respiratory symptoms and short-acting β2-agonist use.
- Early respiratory resistance predicted reduced lung function (FEV1) from ages 5-8.
- Higher preschool IOS resistance was associated with active asthma at age 8.
Conclusions:
- Preschool IOS reveals respiratory resistance linked to later asthma and impaired lung function.
- IOS shows promise as an objective tool for early identification of children at risk for respiratory morbidity.
- Early detection through IOS can facilitate timely interventions for pediatric respiratory conditions.
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