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Single-stage Dynamic Reanimation of the Smile in Irreversible Facial Paralysis by Free Functional Muscle Transfer
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[Historical Review of Hemifacial Spasm]
1Department of Neurology, Sakakibara Hakuho Hospital.
No Shinkei Geka. Neurological Surgery
|January 21, 2024
Summary
Hemifacial spasm, involuntary facial contractions, is often caused by facial nerve compression. Botulinum toxin therapy is now the preferred treatment due to its safety and effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Neurosurgery

