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Activated Human Adipose Tissue Transplantation Promotes Sensorimotor Recovery after Acute Spinal Cord Contusion in

Maxime Bonnet1, Céline Ertlen1, Mostafa Seblani1

  • 1Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, ISM, UMR 7287, Institut des Sciences du Mouvement: Etienne-Jules MAREY, Equipe «Plasticité des Systèmes Nerveux et Musculaire» (PSNM), Parc Scientifique et Technologique de Luminy, CC910-163, Avenue de Luminy, CEDEX 09, F-13288 Marseille, France.

Cells
|January 22, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Activated adipose tissue transplantation significantly improved sensorimotor function and reduced inflammation in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI). This approach shows promise for human spinal cord repair after traumatic contusion.

Keywords:
fatinflammationinjuryneuroprotectionparaplegiareflexsensorimotor

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Area of Science:

  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Traumatic spinal cord injuries (SCIs) cause significant sensory, motor, and autonomic dysfunction.
  • Current repair strategies translated from preclinical studies have yielded limited clinical success for SCI patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the therapeutic potential of mechanically activated lipoaspirated adipose tissue (AF) for acute spinal cord repair.
  • To evaluate the effects of AF transplantation on inflammation and sensorimotor recovery following thoracic spinal contusion in rats.

Main Methods:

  • Male Sprague Dawley rats underwent thoracic spinal contusion and were divided into SHAM, NaCl, and AF groups.
  • Activated human adipose tissue was transplanted into the injury epicenter in the AF group.
  • Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) were measured, alongside weekly sensorimotor assessments, gait analysis, and electrophysiology over 12 weeks.

Main Results:

  • AF transplantation significantly reduced endogenous pro-inflammatory cytokine levels 14 days post-SCI.
  • Substantial improvements in sensorimotor recovery were observed in the AF group over 12 weeks.
  • Activated adipose tissue reinstated the segmental sensorimotor loop and supra- to sub-lesional spinal cord communication.

Conclusions:

  • Activated adipose tissue grafting is effective in mitigating inflammation and promoting functional recovery after acute traumatic SCI.
  • This approach demonstrates significant potential as a therapeutic strategy for human spinal cord repair following contusion injuries.