Advances in Mass Spectrometry-Based Blood Metabolomics Profiling for Non-Cancer Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry and Analytical Chemistry
• Metabolomics and Biomarker Discovery
• Clinical Diagnostics and Personalized Medicine

Background:

• Blood metabolomics, utilizing mass spectrometry, is crucial for understanding metabolic alterations in non-cancer diseases.
• While cancer research dominates, non-cancer disease metabolomics offers significant, often overlooked, insights.
• Blood's accessibility and diverse metabolite profile make it ideal for comprehensive analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the research landscape of mass spectrometry-based blood metabolomics, focusing on non-cancer diseases.
• To highlight applications in cardiovascular disease, reproductive disorders, diabetes, inflammation, and immunodeficiency.
• To provide an overview of mass spectrometry techniques (GC-MS, LC-MS, GC×GC-MS) and their utility.

Main Methods:

• Natural language processing (NLP) was used to analyze 507 research articles.
• Focus on studies investigating blood metabolite profiles in various non-cancer conditions.
• Review of different mass spectrometry platforms and their analytical capabilities.

Main Results:

• Identified key metabolic perturbations associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammation, and immunodeficiency.
• Demonstrated the potential for discovering novel biomarkers for these conditions.
• Highlighted the advantages and limitations of various mass spectrometry techniques for blood metabolomics.

Conclusions:

• Mass spectrometry-based blood metabolomics is a promising tool for diagnosing and monitoring non-cancer diseases.
• Findings support the development of personalized therapeutic strategies and precision medicine.
• Advancements in technology and data analysis will accelerate the clinical translation of blood metabolomics.