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Treatment options for HER2-expressing colorectal cancer: updates and recent approvals

Binbin Zheng-Lin1, Tanios S Bekaii-Saab2

  • 1Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology
|January 22, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification occurs in 3-5% of colorectal cancers. This review summarizes anti-HER2 agents for metastatic colorectal cancer with HER2 amplification.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major global cause of cancer mortality.
  • Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification is found in 3-5% of CRC tumors, correlating with poor prognosis and increased intracranial metastasis.
  • Metastatic RAS wild-type CRC with HER2 amplification is a distinct clinical entity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of anti-HER2 therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer.
  • To summarize efficacy and safety data for available and emerging HER2-targeting agents.
  • To provide clinicians with essential information on managing HER2-amplified metastatic CRC.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of clinical trials and relevant literature.
  • Analysis of data on monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates targeting HER2.
  • Synthesis of information on treatment mechanisms, clinical outcomes, and safety profiles.

Main Results:

  • Several anti-HER2 agents demonstrate clinical activity in refractory metastatic RAS wild-type CRC.
  • Antibody-drug conjugates represent a promising therapeutic class.
  • Ongoing trials continue to expand the armamentarium against HER2-positive CRC.

Conclusions:

  • Anti-HER2 therapies offer viable treatment options for a subset of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
  • Familiarity with HER2-targeting agents is crucial for effective clinical management.
  • Further research and clinical trials are essential to optimize treatment strategies.
Keywords:
ERBB2HER2colorectal cancertargeted therapytrastuzumab deruxtecan

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