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Drug Exposure During Pregnancy: A Case-Control Study from a Primary Care Database
Ainhoa Gomez-Lumbreras1, Marta Leston Vazquez2,3, Carles Vilaplana-Carnerero3,4,5
1Department of Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Women'S Health Reports (New Rochelle, N.Y.)
|January 22, 2024
Summary
Drug exposure in early pregnancy is common, with certain medications like NSAIDs and antidepressants linked to a higher risk of abortion. This underscores the need for informed prescribing for women of childbearing potential.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Pharmacovigilance
- Reproductive Health
Background:
- Drug exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy is frequent, often occurring before pregnancy is recognized.
- Understanding medication use patterns is crucial for assessing pregnancy outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To describe medication use during the first trimester of pregnancy.
- To compare drug exposure between women experiencing abortion and those with live births.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study utilizing Catalan Primary Health electronic health records (EHRs) from 2012 to 2020.
- Matched 60,350 abortion episodes with 118,085 live birth episodes.
- Used conditional logistic regression to assess drug exposure association with abortion, adjusting for health conditions and other drug use.
Main Results:
- Women experiencing abortions had higher rates of alcohol intake, smoking, and previous abortions.
- Anxiety, respiratory diseases, and migraine were more frequent in the abortion group.
- Specific drug classes, including systemic antihistamines, antidepressants, anxiolytics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), were associated with an increased risk of abortion.
Conclusions:
- First-trimester drug exposure is significant and associated with abortion risk.
- Informed prescription practices for women of childbearing potential are essential to mitigate risks.
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