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Related Concept Videos

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response01:23

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Diversity of Antigen Receptors01:28

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Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
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Leptin Receptor Deficiency Impairs Lymph Node Development and Adaptive Immune Response.

Amber Cardani-Boulton1, Sun-Sang J Sung2, William A Petri2,3,4

  • 1Beirne B. Carter Center for Immunology Research, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.

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Leptin receptor signaling is crucial for maintaining lymph node structure and function, essential for clearing influenza A virus infections. Impaired signaling reduces key immune cells, hindering the adaptive immune response.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Adaptive immune responses in lymph nodes are vital for clearing influenza A virus.
  • Lymph node architecture, maintained by fibroblastic reticular cells, is critical for immune cell activation.
  • Leptin receptor signaling influences immune cell function and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of leptin receptor signaling in lymph node development and function.
  • To determine the impact of leptin receptor deficiency on adaptive immunity and influenza virus clearance.
  • To identify specific leptin receptor signaling domains involved in lymph node homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of influenza A virus clearance in leptin receptor knockout (DB/DB) mice.
  • Assessment of lymph node cellularity and organization in wild-type and mutant mice.
  • Utilizing leptin receptor mutant mice with point mutations to dissect signaling pathways.

Main Results:

  • DB/DB mice exhibit significantly reduced numbers of lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells.
  • Reduced fibroblastic reticular cells lead to abnormal lymph node organization and diminished immune cell populations.
  • Leptin receptor signaling via tyrosine 985 is critical for fibroblastic reticular cell development and lymph node function.
  • DB/DB mice show impaired influenza-specific adaptive immune responses and inability to clear the virus.

Conclusions:

  • Leptin receptor signaling plays a novel and essential role in regulating lymph node development.
  • Proper lymph node architecture, dependent on leptin receptor signaling, is crucial for effective adaptive immune responses against influenza A virus.
  • Targeting leptin receptor signaling may offer therapeutic strategies for enhancing immune responses.