Fluorescent Nanocarbons: From Synthesis and Structure to Cancer Imaging and Therapy

Area of Science:

• Nanoscience
• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Nanocarbons, including carbon nanodots, nanodiamonds, carbon nanoonions, and carbon nanohorns, have emerged as significant materials in nanoscience.
• Early cancer diagnosis and therapy are critical for reducing mortality rates.
• Nanocarbons possess unique properties like defined architectures, biocompatibility, and nanoscale dimensions, making them promising for biomedical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the synthesis, fluorescence, toxicity, and functionalization of various nanocarbons.
• To provide a comprehensive overview of nanocarbons in cancer diagnostics and therapy.
• To highlight green synthesis methods and commercialization status of nanocarbons.

Main Methods:

• Review of existing literature on nanocarbon synthesis and characterization.
• Analysis of nanocarbon properties relevant to cancer imaging and therapy.
• Examination of recent advancements in nanocarbon applications for cancer treatment.

Main Results:

• Nanocarbons demonstrate significant potential as versatile platforms for cancer imaging and therapy.
• Green synthesis routes from renewable sources are advancing nanocarbon production.
• Tailored nanocarbons can be designed for effective interfacing with biological systems.

Conclusions:

• Nanocarbons are revolutionizing cancer diagnostics and therapy through advanced material design.
• Further research into modifiable and high-performance nanocarbons is crucial for medical advancements.
• This review serves as a guide for developing novel nanocarbon-based medical tools.