Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Experiences of glaucoma patients : Evaluation of the survey conducted by the Federal Association Glaucoma Self-help and the DOG Glaucoma Section].

Die Ophthalmologie·2026

Same author

Retraction Note: Retinal degeneration driven by brain-derived neurotrophic factor deficiency in microglia and T-lymphocytes.

Scientific reports·2026

Same author

Multifocal intraocular lenses in refractive lens exchange: Guidelines to optimize their use and indications.

Archivos de la Sociedad Espanola de Oftalmologia·2026

Same author

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Long-Term Intraocular Pressure Fluctuations in Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Ophthalmology science·2026

Same author

Ray-Tracing-Based Intraocular Lens Power Calculation in Combined Cataract Surgery and Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Clinical & experimental ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Balanced Extended Vision Procedure: Preclinical Analysis of a Non-diffractive Approach to Full Range of Vision After Cataract Surgery.

Journal of refractive surgery (Thorofare, N.J. : 1995)·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

Glaucoma Animal Models beyond Chronic IOP Increase.

Teresa Tsai¹, Sabrina Reinehr¹, Leonie Deppe¹

¹Experimental Eye Research Institute, University Eye Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892 Bochum, Germany.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 23, 2024

Summary

This review explores glaucoma animal models beyond elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). It details models for studying excitotoxicity, immune system involvement, ischemia, and normal-tension glaucoma, aiding therapeutic discovery.

Keywords:

animal model autoimmune glaucoma excitotoxicity glaucoma ischemia–reperfusion nerve crush normal-tension glaucoma

More Related Videos

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

Published on: October 5, 2018

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

Published on: August 14, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

A Model of Glaucoma Induced by Circumlimbal Suture in Rats and Mice

Published on: October 5, 2018

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

Published on: August 14, 2013

Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Neuroscience
Immunology

Background:

Glaucoma involves retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss, with factors beyond elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) contributing to neurodegeneration.
Excitotoxicity, immune alterations, ischemia, and oxidative stress are implicated in glaucoma pathogenesis.
Developing effective glaucoma treatments necessitates appropriate animal models to study these complex mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and discuss various glaucoma animal models that investigate mechanisms beyond elevated IOP.
To highlight the utility of these models for understanding glaucoma onset and progression.
To identify potential therapeutic targets and approaches for glaucoma.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on glaucoma animal models.
Discussion of genetically modified mice (e.g., optineurin E50K knock-in, GLAST-deficient mice).
Description of models mimicking excitotoxicity (N-methyl-D-aspartate injection), immune involvement (experimental autoimmune glaucoma), ischemia/reperfusion injury, and optic nerve crush.

Main Results:

Genetically modified mice offer insights into specific disease pathways.
Pharmacological and immunological models effectively replicate key aspects of glaucoma pathology.
Ischemia/reperfusion and optic nerve crush models are valuable for studying acute damage and normal-tension glaucoma, respectively.

Conclusions:

A diverse range of glaucoma animal models beyond elevated IOP are crucial for comprehensive research.
These models facilitate the study of multifactorial disease mechanisms and the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Further research utilizing these models can advance our understanding and treatment of glaucoma.