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Laboratory Liquid-Jet X-ray Microscopy and X-ray Fluorescence Imaging for Biomedical Applications.

Komang G Y Arsana1, Giovanni M Saladino1, Bertha Brodin1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.

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|January 23, 2024
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Summary

This study introduces a novel X-ray imaging method to track nanoparticles within cells and in living organisms. This advancement in nanomedical research offers new insights into nanoparticle interactions and biodistribution.

Keywords:
X-ray fluorescence imagingX-ray microscopybioimagingcell imagingliquid-jet X-ray sourcemultiplexed imagingnanomedicinestain-free imaging

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Nanotechnology
  • X-ray Microscopy

Background:

  • Optical microscopy faces limitations in resolution and penetration depth for in vivo imaging.
  • Liquid-jet X-ray technology offers high-intensity X-rays for laboratory-based imaging.
  • Soft X-ray microscopy (SXM) visualizes unstained living cells, while X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) tracks contrast agents with elemental specificity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate an X-ray imaging methodology for investigating nanoparticle (NP) interactions in vitro and in vivo.
  • To utilize soft and hard X-rays for cellular and preclinical evaluations, respectively.
  • To demonstrate the capability of X-ray imaging techniques for NP localization and biodistribution assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Employed soft X-rays (0.5 keV) for intracellular NP localization using SXM.
  • Utilized hard X-rays (24 keV) for in vivo biodistribution studies with multiplexed XFI.
  • Established a comprehensive X-ray imaging approach for NP interaction analysis.

Main Results:

  • Successfully localized nanoparticles within the intracellular environment using SXM.
  • Evaluated the biodistribution of nanoparticles in vivo using multiplexed XFI.
  • Demonstrated the efficacy of X-ray imaging for tracking NPs in biological systems.

Conclusions:

  • Laboratory liquid-jet X-ray technology provides a powerful tool for nanomedical research.
  • This methodology advances the understanding of nanoparticle behavior in biological systems.
  • X-ray imaging offers a versatile approach for studying NP interactions from cellular to preclinical levels.