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Gestational Weight Gain, Pregnancy Related Complications and the Short-Term Risks for the Offspring

Milan Lackovic1, Milena Jankovic2,3, Sladjana Mihajlovic1,2

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital "Dragisa Misovic", Heroja Milana Tepica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|January 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes and significantly impacts infant motor development up to 12 months. This highlights the need for further research into maternal weight management and infant neurodevelopment.

Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Pediatrics
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • Maternal obesity and imbalanced nutrition during pregnancy can lead to adverse outcomes.
  • Nutritional status during gestation may affect offspring health and early motor development.
  • Excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) is a growing concern in prenatal care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of EGWG on pregnancy outcomes.
  • To evaluate the effect of EGWG on infant's motor development in the first year of life.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 200 participants categorized by gestational weight gain.
  • Analysis of maternal, perinatal, and neonatal factors.
  • Assessment of early motor development using the Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS).

Main Results:

  • EGWG showed significant associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes, anemia, vitamin D deficiency, metformin use, pre-labor rupture of membranes, amniotic fluid index, and Apgar scores.
  • Infants born to mothers with EGWG exhibited significantly altered motor development at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, as measured by AIMS total scores.

Conclusions:

  • EGWG is significantly linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, specifically impacting early motor development in infants.
  • The relationship between EGWG and infant neurodevelopment is complex and requires further investigation.
  • Findings underscore the importance of addressing maternal weight gain for optimal infant health and development.
Abstract

Keywords:
early motor developmentexcessivegestational weight gainoffspringpregnancy complication

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