Improved LEACH Protocol Based on Underwater Energy Propagation Model, Parallel Transmission, and Replication...

Area of Science:

• Marine technology
• Network engineering
• Energy systems

Background:

• Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) are vital for oceanographic data collection and surveillance.
• Efficient energy management is crucial for underwater sensors with limited power.
• The conventional LEACH protocol, while popular, suffers from unoptimized cluster numbers and low transmission efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose an improved LEACH protocol for cluster-based UASNs to enhance energy efficiency and network performance.
• To address the limitations of the conventional LEACH protocol in terms of cluster optimization and transmission efficiency.
• To extend the operational lifespan of underwater sensor networks.

Main Methods:

• Optimizing the cluster number using an underwater energy propagation model.
• Implementing a transmission scheduling algorithm for conflict-free parallel data transmission.
• Introducing replication computing to reduce signaling overhead during clustering and data transmission.

Main Results:

• The proposed protocol demonstrates superior performance compared to conventional methods.
• Key performance indicators include normalized average residual energy, number of surviving nodes, and time to first node death.
• The enhanced protocol achieved a higher number of packets received by the base station.

Conclusions:

• The improved LEACH protocol effectively enhances energy efficiency in UASNs.
• Optimized clustering and transmission scheduling lead to prolonged network lifetime.
• The protocol offers a significant advancement for underwater sensor network applications.