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Overview of Exosomes

Overview of Exosomes

Exosomes are stable, lipid bilayer-enclosed vesicles capable of crossing biological barriers. They can carry a wide range of molecules required for intercellular communication. Once exosomes are released from the cell where they originated, they enter a recipient cell through various pathways such as fusion, receptor-mediated endocytosis, macropinocytosis, and phagocytosis.
Stahl et al. discovered exosomes in 1983, but the exosomes were initially considered waste products released from the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

High Throughput Characterization of Adult Stem Cells Engineered for Delivery of Therapeutic Factors for Neuroprotective Strategies

High Throughput Characterization of Adult Stem Cells Engineered for Delivery of Therapeutic Factors for Neuroprotective Strategies

Published on: January 4, 2015

Engineered exosomes derived from stem cells: a new brain-targeted strategy.

Waqas Ahmed^1,2, Songze Huang¹, Lukui Chen¹

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.

Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery

|January 23, 2024

Summary

Engineered stem cell-derived exosomes show promise for brain diseases by promoting neurogenesis and angiogenesis. Further research is needed to understand their mechanisms and optimize delivery across the blood-brain barrier for neurological disorder treatment.

Keywords:

BBB CNS Stem cells engineered exosomes

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

High Throughput Characterization of Adult Stem Cells Engineered for Delivery of Therapeutic Factors for Neuroprotective Strategies

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Published on: November 8, 2024

Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Neuroscience
Regenerative Medicine

Background:

Stem cell-derived exosomes are experimental therapeutics for brain diseases.
Preclinical studies show neurogenesis and angiogenesis effects.
Exosomes possess anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties beneficial for nervous system disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

To review methods for enhancing modified stem cell-derived exosome delivery.
To examine exosome infiltration of the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
To assess exosome targeting of brain lesions for improved BBB transmission.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on exosome engineering and delivery.
Analysis of studies investigating exosome interaction with the BBB.
Evaluation of targeting strategies for brain lesions.

Main Results:

Engineered stem cell-derived exosomes demonstrate potential therapeutic effects.
Challenges exist in exosome consistency and understanding their precise mechanisms of action.
Optimizing BBB penetration is crucial for effective brain delivery.

Conclusions:

Stem cell-derived exosomes are promising for neurological disorders.
Further investigation into mechanisms and delivery enhancement is essential.
Targeting strategies may improve therapeutic efficacy in brain lesions.