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Constructing Mutants in Serotype 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae strain 519/43

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A speed limit on serial strain replacement from original antigenic sin.

Lauren McGough¹, Sarah Cobey¹

¹Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|January 23, 2024

Summary

Original antigenic sin (OAS) limits pathogen evolution, preventing serial strain replacement without diversification. This immune imprinting phenomenon imposes a "speed limit" on new strain emergence.

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Epidemiology
Theoretical Biology

Background:

Pathogens evolve to evade host immunity, leading to complex strain dynamics.
Cross-protective immunity, influenced by early exposures (original antigenic sin/OAS), shapes pathogen evolution.
Predicting pathogen strain replacement patterns remains challenging.

Conclusions:

Original antigenic sin is integral to the emergence of pathogen strain structure.
OAS can prevent serial strain replacement in highly transmissible pathogens, promoting diversification.
Understanding OAS is crucial for predicting pathogen evolution and managing infectious diseases.